Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31109042›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2019

A Low-Cost IoT-Based System to Monitor the Location of a Whole Herd.

Francisco Maroto-Molina, Jorge Navarro-García, Karen Príncipe-Aguirre, Ignacio Gómez-Maqueda, José E Guerrero-Ginel, Ana Garrido-Varo, Dolores C Pérez-Marín

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. The Effect of Environment and Husbandry Practices on Sheep Welfare.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Francisco Maroto-MolinaDepartment of Animal Production, School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering (ETSIAM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain. g02mamof@uco.es.ORCID 0000-0002-6155-3931
Jorge Navarro-GarcíaData Science Laboratory, School of Computer Engineering, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Spain. j.navarro.2016@alumnos.urjc.es.
Karen Príncipe-AguirreData Science Laboratory, School of Computer Engineering, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Spain. k.principe@alumnos.urjc.es.
Ignacio Gómez-MaquedaSensoWave SL, 28830 San Fernando de Henares, Spain. imaqueda@sensowave.com.
José E Guerrero-GinelDepartment of Animal Production, School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering (ETSIAM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain. pa1gugij@uco.es.
Ana Garrido-VaroDepartment of Animal Production, School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering (ETSIAM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain. pa1gavaa@uco.es.
Dolores C Pérez-MarínDepartment of Animal Production, School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering (ETSIAM), University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain. dcperez@uco.es.

Funding

IoF2020 Project 2282300206-UC010
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Animal location technologies have evolved considerably in the last 60 years. Nowadays, animal tracking solutions based on global positioning systems (GPS) are commercially available. However, existing devices have several constraints, mostly related to wireless data transmission and financial cost, which make impractical the monitorization of all the animals in a herd. The main objective of this work is to develop a low-cost solution to enable the monitorization of a whole herd. An IoT-based system, which requires some animals of the herd being fitted with GPS collars connected to a Sigfox network and the rest with low-cost Bluetooth tags, has been developed. Its performance has been tested in two commercial farms, raising sheep and beef cattle, through the monitorization of 50 females in each case. Several collar/tag ratios, which define the cost per animal of the solution, have been simulated. Results demonstrate that a low collar/tag ratio enable the monitorization of a whole sheep herd. A larger ratio is needed for beef cows because of their grazing behavior. Nevertheless, the optimal ratio depends on the purpose of location data. Large variability has been observed for the number of hourly and daily messages from collars and tags. The system effectiveness for the monitorization of all the animals in a herd has been certainly proved.

Indexed as

Geographic Information SystemsAnimalsBehavior, AnimalBiosensing TechniquesCattleDairyingFarmsMonitoring, PhysiologicSheepWireless Technologybluetooth low energyglobal positioning systemlow-power wide-area networkprecision livestock farmingwireless sensor network

Identifiers

PMID31109042
PMCPMC6567337

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.