ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Iron Supplementation Therapy, A Friend and Foe of Mycobacterial Infections?
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis reveals a core iron-responsive gene signature in Mycobacterium tuberculosis linking siderophore biosynthesis, virulence, and metabolic adaptation.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Alterations and predictive potential of haematological parameters in paediatric tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Iron deficiency and vaccine efficacy: A mini-review of immunological interplay and evidence across vaccine types.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Iron Metabolism Disorders Associated With the Severity of Pyogenic Liver Abscess.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Investigating the Mechanism of Antimycobacterial and Antiproliferative Activity of (E)-N'-Benzylidenepyrazine-2-Carbohydrazides and their Derivatives.ChemMedChem · 2025Article
- A roadmap for integrating nutritional assessment, counselling, and support into the care of people with tuberculosis.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Review
- Relationship between iron deficiency and severity of tuberculosis: Influence on T cell subsets.iScience · 2025Article
- Role of Divalent Cations in Infections in Host-Pathogen Interaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Lactoferrin: from the structure to the functional orchestration of iron homeostasis.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2023Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis hijacks host TRIM21- and NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy to enhance intracellular growth.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Iron Status and Supplementation during Tuberculosis.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Genomic and microbiological analyses of iron acquisition pathways among respiratory and environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria from Hawai'i.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Proteome Profiling ofACS omega · 2022Article
- Comparative Genomics of Mycobacterium avium Complex Reveals Signatures of Environment-Specific Adaptation and Community Acquisition.mSystems · 2021Article
- Antituberculosis Targeted Drug Delivery as a Potential Future Treatment Approach.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Co-infections as Modulators of Disease Outcome: Minor Players or Major Players?Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- The "Little Iron Waltz": The Ternary Response ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Iron Supplementation Alone, but Not in Combination, Lower Inflammation and Anemia of Infection inNutrients · 2020Article
- Iron-Uptake Systems of Chicken-AssociatedMicroorganisms · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron is an essential element that is required for oxygen transfer, redox, and metabolic activities in mammals and bacteria. Mycobacteria, some of the most prevalent infectious agents in the world, require iron as growth factor. Mycobacterial-infected hosts set up a series of defense mechanisms, including systemic iron restriction and cellular iron distribution, whereas mycobacteria have developed sophisticated strategies to acquire iron from their hosts and to protect themselves from iron's harmful effects. Therefore, it is assumed that host iron and iron-binding proteins, and natural or synthetic chelators would be keys targets to inhibit mycobacterial proliferation and may have a therapeutic potential. Beyond this hypothesis, recent evidence indicates a host protective effect of iron against mycobacterial infections likely through promoting remodeled immune response. In this review, we discuss experimental procedures and clinical observations that highlight the role of the immune response against mycobacteria under various iron availability conditions. In addition, we discuss the clinical relevance of our knowledge regarding host susceptibility to mycobacteria in the context of iron availability and suggest future directions for research on the relationship between host iron and the immune response and the use of iron as a therapeutic agent.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.