ArticleEnvironmental research2019
Blood BTEX levels and neurologic symptoms in Gulf states residents.
Article in Environmental research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-Term Ambient Benzene Exposure and Brain Disorders Among Urban Adults: Effect Modification by Genetic Susceptibility and Potential Mediation by Plasma Proteins.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Association of volatile organic compounds with serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in the general adults.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2026Article
- Exposure to Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes and Risk of Depression: A Cross-sectional Study of a National Sample of Korean Adults.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Article
- Associations between airborne crude oil chemicals and neurological symptoms among workers in the gulf long-term follow-up study.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Long-term exposure to low-level ambient BTEX and site-specific cancer risk: A national cohort study in the UK Biobank.Eco-Environment & Health · 2025Article
- Fine particulate matter from burning oil and gas and associated neurological symptoms among Deepwater Horizon oil spill cleanup workers.Environmental science. Processes & impacts · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Bayesian Maximum Entropy Data Fusion Approaches to Estimate Styrene, Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylenes and to Inform Epidemiological Analyses in the US Gulf States.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Instruments for assessing the impacts of oil spills: an integrated approach to health, the environment and the socioeconomic profile of exposed areas.Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
- Hypothesis-driven weight of evidence evaluation indicates ethylbenzene lacks endocrine disruption potential by EATS pathways.EXCLI journal · 2025Article
- Association of urinary volatile organic compounds and chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes: real-world evidence from the NHANES.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds and the Prevalence of Sleep Problems in US Adults.Toxics · 2024Article
- Comparison of acetylcholinesterase among employees based on job positions and personal protective equipment in fuel station.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2023Article
- Exposure to volatile hydrocarbons and neurologic function among oil spill workers up to 6 years after the Deepwater Horizon disaster.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Blood Concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds Among US Workers From Various Trades.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2023Article
- Risk of longer-term neurological conditions in the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Coast Guard Cohort Study - Five years of follow-up.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Factors affecting prevalence of neurological symptoms among workers at gasoline stations in Rayong Province, Thailand.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2022Article
- Review
- Blood BTEXS and heavy metal levels are associated with liver injury and systemic inflammation in Gulf states residents.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe chemicals benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) are neuroactive. Exposures often co-occur because they share common sources. We examined neurologic effects of environmental BTEX exposure among U.S. Gulf coast residents taking into account concomitant exposures.
methodsWe measured blood concentrations of BTEX in 690 Gulf state residents. Neurologic symptoms were ascertained via telephone interview. We used log-binomial regression to estimate associations between blood BTEX levels and self-reported neurologic symptoms independently for the presence of any neurologic, central (CNS), or peripheral nervous system (PNS) symptoms. We estimated associations in single chemical models mutually adjusted for co-occurring BTEX and used weighted quantile sum regression to model associations between the combined BTEX mixture and neurologic symptoms.
resultsHalf (49%) of participants reported at least one neurologic symptom. Each BTEX chemical was associated with increased CNS and PNS symptoms in single-chemical models comparing the highest to lowest quartile of exposure. After adjusting for coexposures, benzene was associated with CNS symptoms among all participants (PR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.57) and among nonsmokers (PR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.91). After adjusting for coexposures, associations with toluene were apparent only for reporting multiple PNS symptoms (PR = 2.00, 95% CI: 0.96, 4.16). In mixture analyses, a one-quartile increase in BTEX exposure was associated with neurologic symptoms (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.98). The weighted quantile sum index weighted benzene most heavily, which was consistent with single chemical analyses.
conclusionsIncreasing blood benzene concentration was associated with increased prevalence of CNS symptoms. In this sample, BTEX-associated neurologic effects are likely driven by exposure to benzene and, to a lesser extent, toluene.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.