Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2019
History of tuberculosis is associated with lower exhaled nitric oxide levels in HIV-infected children.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lung function impairment in children post-tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Nitric Oxide Therapeutics: New Hopes for More Effective Tuberculosis Treatment Combine with Targeted and Controlled Nanotechnology.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Non-sputum-based samples and biomarkers for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: the hope to improve childhood and HIV-associated tuberculosis diagnosis.European journal of medical research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV disrupts host defense mechanisms and maintains chronic inflammation in the lung. Nitric oxide is a marker of lung inflammation and can be measured in the exhaled air. We investigated the relationship between exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), HIV status and airway abnormalities in perinatally HIV-infected children aged 6-19 years.
designA cross-sectional study.
methodsHIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy and HIV-uninfected children with no active tuberculosis (TB) or acute respiratory tract infection were recruited from a public hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. Clinical history was collected and eNO testing and spirometry was performed. The association between eNO and explanatory variables (HIV, FEV1 z-score, CD4 cell count, viral load, history of TB) was investigated using linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and time of eNO testing.
resultsIn total, 222 HIV-infected and 97 HIV-uninfected participants were included. Among HIV-infected participants, 57 (25.7%) had a history of past TB; 56 (25.2%) had airway obstruction, but no prior TB. HIV status was associated with lower eNO level [mean ratio 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.65-0.97), P = 0.03]. Within the HIV-infected group, history of past TB was associated with lower eNO levels after controlling for age, sex and time of eNO testing [0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.94), P = 0.007].
conclusionHIV infection and history of TB were associated with lower eNO levels. eNO levels may be a marker of HIV and TB-induced alteration in pulmonary physiology; further studies focused on potential causes for lower eNO levels in HIV and TB are warranted.
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