Trial reportCell metabolism2019
Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake.
Erratum issued 6 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in Cell metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 810 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
810citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
179.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Ultra Processed Versus Unprocessed Diets on Energy Intake
Analysis of MicroBial Metabolites After Eating Refined Food
Feasibility and Impact of an Intensive Team-based Intervention on Prediabetes Remission in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Effects of Processed Foods on Brain Reward Circuitry and Food Cue Learning
The Effects of a Diet Enriched With Dietary Fibre on Glycaemic Response, Gastrointestinal Tolerability, Satiety, and Microbiome Functionality (The Fibre Full Study).
Ultra-Processed Foods - Palatability and Appetite
Who cites it
810 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,747 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Association of combined ultra-processed food intake (ultra-processed dietary pattern) with cognitive function impairment: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of overweight and obesity in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Ultra-processed food intake and risk of digestive system cancers: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Mindfulness Interventions upon Visual Attention and Attentional Bias Towards Food Cues: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Feasibility and Effects of a Produce Prescription Program (PRx) in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Low Socioeconomic Status: A Randomised Controlled Pilot Trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Satiety responsiveness following dietary exposure to ultra-processed foods differing in texture-derived eating rate: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled crossover diet intervention.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effect of dietary chickpea structures on the small intestine metabolome and microbiome: a randomised crossover trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Intake During a Single-Arm Behavioral Weight Management Intervention: A Secondary Analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- Associations among pork intake, weight-loss, and diet quality outcomes in a commercial weight-management program.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Trial
- Eating rate has sustained effects on energy intake from ultraprocessed diets: a 2-week ad libitum dietary randomized controlled crossover trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Consuming an unprocessed diet reduces energy intake: a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial reveals a role for human nutritional intelligence.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Food- vs. supplement-based very-low-energy diets and gut microbiome composition in women with high body mass index: A randomized controlled trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Developing the NOMI framework for food and nutrition security in a climate-exposed delta: qualitative evidence from the Indian Sundarbans.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- Consumption of ultra-processed foods among patients with rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study and validation of the short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF) in the Greek language.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Article
- Metabolic and neural responses to ultraprocessed foods: a randomized, controlled, crossover study.Nature metabolism · 2026Article
- Ultraprocessed Food Intake and Adiposity, Vascular Brain Injury, and Cognition in Middle-Aged Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Protein Decoys, Alcohol, and Energy Intake: Testing a Mechanistic-Ecological Model.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
750 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
25 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Kevin D HallNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: kevinh@nih.gov.
Alexis AyuketahNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Robert BrychtaNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Hongyi CaiNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Thomas CassimatisNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Kong Y ChenNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Stephanie T ChungNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Elise CostaNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Amber CourvilleNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Valerie DarceyNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Laura A FletcherNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ciaran G FordeSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore.
Ahmed M GharibNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Juen GuoNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rebecca HowardNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Paule V JosephNational Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Suzanne McGeheeNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ronald OuwerkerkNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Klaudia RaisingerNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Irene RozgaNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michael StaglianoNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mary WalterNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Peter J WalterNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Shanna YangNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Megan ZhouNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USNational Institutes of Health Clinical Center · USNational Institute of Nursing Research · USSingapore Institute for Clinical Sciences · SG
Funding
Advanced Non Invasive Vascular Imaging MethodsZIADK075083 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI GHARIB, AHMED · 2013 to 2025
$34.7MClinical Stable Isotope Research & SupportZICDK075039 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI WALTER, PETER · 2009 to 2025
$23.2MClinical Research and Assay SupportZICDK071006 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI WALTER, MARY · 2009 to 2025
$20.6MMetabolic Research Core: energy balance and obesity studiesZICDK071013 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI CHEN, KONG · 2009 to 2025
$12.3MModeling interactions of diet, exercise, metabolism, and weight change in humansZIADK013037 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI DARCEY, VALERIE · 2009 to 2025
$10.8MIntramural NIH HHS ZIA DK013037
Abstract
We investigated whether ultra-processed foods affect energy intake in 20 weight-stable adults, aged (mean ± SE) 31.2 ± 1.6 years and BMI = 27 ± 1.5 kg/m
Indexed as
AdultBody CompositionDietary FiberEatingEnergy IntakeEnergy MetabolismFemaleHumansInpatientsMaleWeight GainDietary Fiberdiet qualityenergy balanceenergy intakeprocessed foodweight gainweight loss
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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Registered trials
NCT03407053ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04308473ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05459987ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06165952ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT06416254ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT07600281ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.