Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31104898›Full record

ArticleClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2019

Seizures from transcranial magnetic stimulation 2012-2016: Results of a survey of active laboratories and clinics.

Adam J Lerner, Eric M Wassermann, Diana I Tamir

7 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 7 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 70 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02990793 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective, Double Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Clinical Trial to Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Biometrics-Guided Magnetic EEG Resonance Therapy (MeRT) Treatment Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorWave NeuroscienceRan2022 to 2025Enrolled158ConditionsPostTraumatic Stress Disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, Postconcussive SymptomsArmsActive MeRT Treatment, Sham MeRT Treatment
NCT04688970 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Personalized Neurorehabilitative Precision Medicine - From Data to Therapies

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity Hospital TuebingenRan2020 to 2022Enrolled500ConditionsStroke, Acute, Outcome, Improvement, Rehabilitation, Upper Extremity ParesisArmsno intervention
NCT05099419 early_phase1unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Motor Cortical Neuromodulation With Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Women With Overactive Bladder and Urgency Urinary Incontinence

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Southern CaliforniaRan2021 to 2022Enrolled10ConditionsOveractive Bladder, Urge IncontinenceArmsRepetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
NCT05425615 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Probing Language Processes Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

TypeinterventionalSponsorMedical College of WisconsinRan2024 to 2032Enrolled135ConditionsStroke, Aphasia, LanguageArmsTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation
NCT05593237 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

A Pilot Trial of Longitudinal Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Chronic Neuropathic Pain

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2022 to 2026Enrolled32ConditionsChronic Neuropathic Pain, Post-Stroke Pain, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Nerve InjuryArmsHigh Frequency rTMS, Low Frequency rTMS
NCT06974279 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Precision Neuromodulation in Post-Stroke Aphasia Using TMS

TypeinterventionalSponsorMedical College of WisconsinRan2025 to 2036Enrolled50ConditionsAphasia, Stroke, LanguageArmsPrecision TMS with SFA, Control TMS with SFA
NCT07567053 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

6-Hz Primed Low and High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Motor Function and Meta-Plasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy: TMS-EEG Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorCook Children's Health Care SystemRan2026 to 2030Enrolled60ConditionsCerebral Palsy, Typically Developing ChildrenArmsMRI, HD-EEG Recording, rTMS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert Guidelines.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021
    Guideline
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Article
  14. Review
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Adam J LernerCenter for Bioethics, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. Electronic address: adam.lerner@nyu.edu.
Eric M WassermannBehavioral Neurology Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Diana I TamirDepartment of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

Funding

Electrophysiological Probes And Treatments In Neurobehavioral DisordersZIANS002977 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI WASSERMANN, ERIC M · 2009 to 2025
$14.6M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 NS999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA NS002977
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can cause seizures in healthy individuals and patients. However, the rate at which this occurs is unknown. We estimated the risk of seizure and other adverse events with TMS.

methodsWe surveyed laboratories and clinics about seizures and other events observed between 2012 and 2016 (inclusive). Respondents (N = 174) reported an estimated 318,560 TMS sessions.

resultsTwenty-four seizures were reported (.08/1000 sessions). TMS delivered within published guidelines to subjects without recognized risk factors caused 4 seizures (<.02/1000 sessions). High-frequency (>1 Hz) rTMS delivered within published guidelines to individuals without known risk factors was no more likely to cause seizures than low-frequency and single/paired-pulse TMS. Subject risk factors (e.g., brain lesions and epilepsy) increased seizure risk substantially. Seizures appeared more common when safety guidelines were exceeded. Seizures were most likely to occur within the first few exposures to TMS.

conclusionsTMS delivered within published guidelines to individuals without risk factors appears to cause fewer than 1 seizure per 60,000 sessions. The assumption that repetitive TMS is riskier than single and paired pulses under these conditions should be reevaluated. SIGNIFICANCE: This information should help laboratories, clinics, and regulatory authorities form updated safety policies for TMS.

Indexed as

FemaleHospitals, PsychiatricHumansLaboratoriesMalePractice Guidelines as TopicSeizuresTranscranial Magnetic StimulationRiskSeizureTranscranial magnetic stimulation

Identifiers

PMID31104898
PMCPMC7274462

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 1 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.