Trial reportBiological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging2019
Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Inflammation and Reward Sensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Endotoxin.
Trial report in Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity, low-grade inflammation, and inflammatory response to immune challenge modulate willingness to expend effort for reward.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Trial
- Inflammation-induced depressed mood and reward responsivity as a function of age in female adults: a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Depression treatment response to ketamine: sex-specific role of interleukin-8, but not other inflammatory markers.Translational psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Kynurenine metabolism and inflammation-induced depressed mood: A human experimental study.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2019Trial
- Synaptic effects of interleukin-6 on human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory models of depression in rodents and humans.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The motivational drives of sickness: Acute changes in self-rated motivation during experimental endotoxemia assessed with the newly developed Motivation Scale of Sickness (MOSSick).Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- An Integrated Immuno-Reward Model of Adolescent Depression: Theory, Evidence, and Implications.Current directions in psychological science · 2025Article
- Advancing an Inflammatory Subtype of Major Depression.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Emerging Medications for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review with Perspective on Mechanisms and Challenges.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Value-based cognitive control moderates the relation of inflammation with depression in adolescents.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2025Article
- Neural and immune interactions linking early life stress and anhedonia.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Higher inflammatory proteins predict future depressive symptom severity among adolescents with lower emotional clarity.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2024Review
- Peripheral inflammatory subgroup differences in anterior Default Mode network and multiplex functional network topology are associated with cognition in psychosis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Stress to inflammation and anhedonia: Mechanistic insights from preclinical and clinical models.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Review
- The effects of lipopolysaccharide exposure on social interaction, cytokine expression, and alcohol consumption in male and female mice.Physiology & behavior · 2023Article
- Inflammation, stress and depression: An exploration of ketamine's therapeutic profile.Drug discovery today · 2023Review
- Sleep and Healthy Aging Research on Depression (SHARE-D) randomized controlled trial: Protocol overview of an experimental model of depression with insomnia, inflammation, and affect mechanisms in older adults.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- The role of inflammation in acute psychosocial stress-induced modulation of reward processing in healthy female adults.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are robust sex differences in the prevalence of depression. Inflammation and anhedonia may play a role in understanding these sex differences. Indeed, sex differences in inflammation-induced neural responses to reward may provide insight into the sex gaps in depression, but no study has examined this question.
methodsAs such, the current study examined whether there were sex differences in reward-related neural activity (i.e., ventral striatum [VS] activity) in response to an experimental inflammatory challenge. Human participants (N = 115; 69 female) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or low-dose endotoxin, which increases inflammation in a safe, time-limited manner. Two hours after receiving placebo or endotoxin (the height of the inflammatory response to endotoxin), participants completed a task in which they anticipated monetary reward in a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner.
resultsResults demonstrated that endotoxin (vs. placebo) led to reduced VS activity in anticipation of reward and that there were sex differences in this effect. Specifically, in female participants, endotoxin (vs. placebo) led to decreased VS activity in anticipation of reward, but this effect was not present in male participants. In addition, within the endotoxin condition, decreases in VS activity in anticipation of reward were related to increases in inflammation for female but not male participants.
conclusionsThese findings may have implications for understanding how inflammation may contribute to sex differences in rates of depression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.