ArticleInternational journal of hygiene and environmental health2019
Urinary metals and metal mixtures in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).
Article in International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between pollutants, the regularity of daily sex hormone patterns, and hormone profiles over a complete menstrual cycle.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Exposure to Cadmium and Cerebrovascular Mortality in the United States.Hygiene and environmental health advances · 2025Article
- Geographic and Sociodemographic Differences in Cadmium Exposure in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Exposure and health · 2025Article
- Exposure to Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Among Asian and Non-Asian Children and Adolescents in the United States: NHANES 2015-2018.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Blood essential trace elements and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in midlife.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Association of multiple trace metals in scalp hair with glioma risk: the mediating role of inflammation.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Heavy Metals and Trajectories of Anti-Müllerian Hormone During the Menopausal Transition.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Association between Mediterranean diet and metal mixtures concentrations in pregnant people from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Review
- Beryllium and its inorganic compounds - Addendum: Re-evaluation of the BAR: Assessment Values in Biological Material - Translation of the German Version from 2024.The MAK collection for occupational health and safety · 2024Review
- Urinary metal profiles in mother-offspring pairs and their association with early dysglycemia in the International Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow Up Study (HAPO-FUS).Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Article
- Correlates of whole blood metal concentrations among reproductive-aged Black women.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Article
- The role of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension: Results from the study of Women's health across the nation.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Review
- Associations Between Repeated Measures of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites With Hormones and Timing of Natural Menopause.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2023Article
- Exposure to heavy metals and hormone levels in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2023Article
- The relative and interactive effects of urinary multiple metals exposure on hyperuricemia among urban elderly in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Incident Hypertension in Multi-Racial/Ethnic Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2022Article
- Metals and risk of incident metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort of midlife women in the United States.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Incident Natural Menopause in Midlife Women: The Mediating Role of Sex Hormones.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the extent of exposure to metals and metal mixtures among midlife women.
objectivesWe assessed exposure to multiple metals in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), a multi-site, multi-racial/ethnic cohort of women at midlife.
methodsWe measured urinary concentrations of 21 metals (arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, cesium, copper, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, platinum, antimony, tin, thallium, uranium, vanadium, tungsten and zinc) using high-resolution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry among 1335 white, black, Chinese and Japanese women aged 45-56 years at the third SWAN annual visit (1999-2000). Least squared geometric mean concentrations were compared across race/ethnicity, education, financial hardship, smoking, secondhand smoking, seafood intake and rice intake groups. Overall exposure patterns of multiple metals were derived using k-means clustering method.
resultsThe percentage of women with detectable concentrations of metals ranged from 100% for arsenic, cesium, molybdenum and zinc, to less than 5% for platinum; 15 metals had detection rates of 70% or more. Asian women, both Chinese and Japanese, had higher urinary concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, mercury, molybdenum, lead and thallium, compared with other race/ethnic groups, independent of sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, and geographic characteristics. Seafood and rice intake were important determinants of urinary arsenic, cesium, mercury, molybdenum and lead levels. Two distinct overall exposure patterns- "high" vs. "low" -- were identified. Women in the "high" overall exposure pattern were more likely to be Asians, current smokers, and to report high consumption of seafood and rice. Black women were less likely to have the high exposure pattern.
conclusionsMetal exposure of midlife women differs by racial/ethnic, sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, and geographic characteristics. Asian women may be experiencing the highest exposures to multiple metals compared with other racial/ethnic groups in the United States.
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