ArticleCurrent problems in pediatric and adolescent health care2019
The effects of aflatoxin exposure on Hepatitis B-vaccine induced immunity in Kenyan children.
Article in Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Aflatoxins on the Digestive, Immune, and Nervous Systems: The Role of Microbiota and Probiotics in Toxicity Protection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association between anaemia and aflatoxin BMycotoxin research · 2025Article
- Impact of Metabolites from Foodborne Pathogens on Cancer.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Analysis of Airborne Fungal Communities on Pedestrian Bridges in Urban Environments.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Estimating the health burden of aflatoxin attributable stunting among children in low income countries of Africa.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Risk assessment of aflatoxins in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2020Article
- Aflatoxin exposure in children age 6-12 years: a study protocol of a randomized comparative cross-sectional study in Kenya, East Africa.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlobally, approximately three million children die each year from vaccine preventable infectious diseases mainly in developing countries. Despite the success of the expanded immunization program, not all infants and children around the world develop the same protective immune response to the same vaccine. A vaccine must induce a response over the basal immune response that may be driven by population-specific, environmental or socio-economic factors. Mycotoxins like aflatoxins are immune suppressants that are confirmed to interfere with both cell-mediated and acquired immunity. The mechanism of aflatoxin toxicity is through the binding of the bio-activated AFB
methodsWe studied Hepatitis B surface antibodies [anti-HBs] levels to explore the immune modulation effects of dietary exposure to aflatoxins in children aged between one and fourteen years in Kenya. Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced for routine administration for Kenyan infants in November 2001. To assess the effects of aflatoxin on immunogenicity of childhood vaccines Aflatoxin B
resultsThe mean ± SD of AFB
conclusionDespite high coverage of routine immunization, less than half of the study population had developed immunity to HepB. Exposure to aflatoxin was high and weakly associated with low anti-HBs antibodies. These findings highlight a potentially significant role for environmental factors that may contribute to vaccine effectiveness warranting further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.