ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Contrasting HIV prevalence trends among young women and men in Zambia in the past 12 years: data from demographic and health surveys 2002-2014.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Spatial distribution and determinants of HIV high burden in the Southern African sub-region.PloS one · 2024Article
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- Temporal and Spatial Analysis Techniques as Potential Tools for Combating the HIV Epidemic among Young Brazilian Amazonian People: An Ecological Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Pilot Implementation of a User-Driven, Web-Based Application Designed to Improve Sexual Health Knowledge and Communication Among Young Zambians: Mixed Methods Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Article
- Dissemination of the Spear & Shield Project using a Training of Trainers Model: A reflection on challenges and successes.Translational behavioral medicine · 2022Article
- Estimating district HIV prevalence in Zambia using small-area estimation methods (SAE).Population health metrics · 2022Article
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- Factors Associated with Condom Use Among Out-of-School Young People on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Central Uganda.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis B virus among pregnant women in Luanda (Angola): geospatial distribution and its association with socio-demographic and clinical-obstetric determinants.Virology journal · 2021Article
- Evaluating the Relationship Between Depression and Cognitive Function Among Children and Adolescents with HIV in Zambia.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Review
- Comparative Analysis of Rural Health Demographics in 2 East African Communities During Medical Camps: Volunteers' Perspectives'.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe HIV epidemic remains a concern on the global health agenda, despite progress made in reducing incidence. Investigation of trends among young people is important for monitoring HIV incidence and informing programming. The study examined geographical and sub-population differences in HIV prevalence trends among young people aged 15-24 years in Zambia.
methodsThis study analysed data from Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys (ZDHSs) that were conducted in 2001-2, 2007, and 2013-14. A two-stage cluster stratified sampling procedure was used to select samples of 8050, 7969, and 18,052 for the three surveys, respectively. Young people (15-24 years) with known HIV status were selected for analysis. The outcome variable was HIV status. Log binomial regression analysis of generalised linear models was used to test for trends.
resultsOverall HIV prevalence declined over the period 2001-2 to 2013-14 among women and men aged 15-49 years (17.8 and 12.9% to 15.1 and 11.3%, respectively). There was, however, an increase in HIV prevalence among urban young men over this period, from 3.7% in 2001-2 to 7.3% in 2013-14 (aRR 2.17, 95% CI 0.99-4.75), and, in rural areas, from 2.6 to 3.6% (aRR 1.46, 95% CI 0.78-2.75). In contrast, HIV prevalence among women declined over the same period of time. In urban areas, HIV prevalence among women declined from 15.2 to 10.7% (aRR 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.93), while in rural areas it declined from 8.2 to 4.8% (aRR 0.41, 95% CI 0.59-0.85). In addition, there was a narrowing gender gap in terms of HIV infection, as the prevalence ratio of females to males declined from 4.2 and 3.1 to 1.5 and 1.3, in urban and rural areas, respectively.
conclusionsThe increase in HIV prevalence among urban young men over the past 12 years, contrasting declining trends among young women in both urban and rural populations, suggests differential effects of prevention efforts. Furthermore, findings that Zambia's overall national HIV prevalence decline masks some striking sex and rural/urban differentials, indicate the need for reconsidering the prevention efforts for young urban men.
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