ReviewWorld journal of pediatrics : WJP2019
Sedation and analgesia in children with cerebral palsy: a narrative review.
Review in World journal of pediatrics : WJP, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variability in treatment of postoperative pain in children with severe neurologic impairment.Journal of hospital medicine · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of pharmacological procedural sedation in children with cerebral palsy undergoing botulinum toxin injection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Pain Management in the Most Vulnerable Intellectual Disability: A Review.Pain and therapy · 2023Review
- [Challenges in pain assessment and management among individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities : German version].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
- Analgesia and sedation modalities used with botulinum toxin injections in children with cerebral palsy: a literature review.Sudanese journal of paediatrics · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with cognitive impairment due to cerebral palsy experience pain more often than healthy peers and frequently require diagnostic and therapeutic painful procedures. Analgesia and procedural sedation outside the operating room are often required, but they may not adequately be provided because of the inability to accurately recognize and classify the state of pain and for the perceived higher risk of complications. DATA SOURCES: We reviewed the available literature to highlight the specific risk factors and area of criticism, that should be further improved. We searched the Cochrane Library, Medline, Pubmed from 1987 to September 2018 using key words such as 'cerebral palsy and children and pain' or 'sedation and cerebral palsy and children'.
resultsWhile different pain scales are useful in recognizing pain expressions, anxiety scales are not available. Moreover, studies on non-pharmacological techniques do not always have comparable results. Several risk factors, from anatomic abnormalities to liver and kidney functioning, should be kept in mind before proceeding with sedation.
conclusionsLarge trials are needed to assess the impact of non-pharmacological techniques and to evaluate which pain control strategy (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) should be used in different settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.