Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31098883›Full record

ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2019

Psychometric properties of the Hungarian version of the eHealth Literacy Scale.

Zsombor Zrubka, Ottó Hajdu, Fanni Rencz, Petra Baji, László Gulácsi, Márta Péntek

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. eHealth Literacy Assessment Instruments: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025
    Article
  7. Population norms for the EQ-5D-5L for Hungary: comparison of online surveys and computer assisted personal interviews.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Healthcare information management and operational cost performance: empirical evidence.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Factors Influencing eHealth Literacy among Spanish Primary Healthcare Users: Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  20. Validation of the PAM-13 instrument in the Hungarian general population 40 years old and above.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zsombor ZrubkaDepartment of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8., 1093, Budapest, Hungary. zsombor.zrubka@uni-corvinus.hu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-6087
Ottó HajduDepartment of Comparative Economics, Eötvös Loránd University, Egyetem tér 1-3, 1053, Budapest, Hungary.
Fanni RenczDepartment of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8., 1093, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-620X
Petra BajiDepartment of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8., 1093, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-8557
László GulácsiDepartment of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8., 1093, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-8746
Márta PéntekDepartment of Health Economics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8., 1093, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-6012

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe adapted the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) for Hungary and tested its psychometric properties on a large representative online sample of the general population.

methodsThe Hungarian version of eHEALS was developed using forward-backward translation. For the valuation study, 1000 respondents were recruited in early 2019 from a large online panel by a survey company. We tested internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct and criterion validity using classical test theory, as well as item characteristics using an item-response theory (IRT) graded response model (GRM).

results55% of respondents were female, and 22.1% were ≥ 65 years old. Mean eHEALS score was 29.2 (SD: 5.18). Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α = 0.90), and test-retest reliability was moderate (intraclass correlation r = 0.64). We identified a single-factor structure by exploratory factor analysis, explaining 85% of test variance. Essential criteria for GRM analysis were met. Items 3 and 4 (search of health resources) were the least difficult, followed by items 5 and 8 (utilisation of health information), and then items 1 and 2 (awareness of health resources). Items 6 and 7 (appraisal of health resources) were most difficult. The measurement properties of eHEALS were not affected by gender, age, education or income levels. Female gender, older age, intensity of health information seeking, formal health education and visit at the electronic health-record website were associated with higher eHEALS scores, as well as best and worst self-perceived health states, BMI < 25 and participation at health screenings over the past year.

conclusionsThe Hungarian eHEALS is a useful and valid tool for measuring subjective eHealth literacy.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsConsumer Health InformationCross-Sectional StudiesElectronic Health RecordsFemaleHealth BehaviorHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth LiteracyHumansHungaryInformation Seeking BehaviorMaleeHEALSeHealth literacyEQ-5D-5LHungaryItem-response theoryValidation

Identifiers

PMID31098883
PMCPMC6544600

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.