Trial reportBMC cancer2019
Long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of blended cognitive behavior therapy for high fear of recurrence in breast, prostate and colorectal Cancer survivors: follow-up of the SWORD randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- JPOS/JASCC clinical guidelines for psychological distress in adult cancer patients: a summary of recommendations.Japanese journal of clinical oncology · 2026Guideline
- The role of health economic evidence in clinical practice guidelines for colorectal cancer: a comparative analysis across countries.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2025Pooled it
- Therapeutic intervention in fear of cancer recurrence in adult oncology patients: a systematic review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2023Pooled it
- Fear of cancer recurrence and PSA anxiety in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for reducing fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) among breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of the literature.BMC cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Economic Evaluation of Long-Term Survivorship Care for Cancer Patients in OECD Countries: A Systematic Review for Decision-Makers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Psychological problems among cancer patients in relation to healthcare and societal costs: A systematic review.Psycho-oncology · 2021Pooled it
- The effectiveness of psychological intervention for depression, anxiety, and distress in prostate cancer: a systematic review of literature.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Predictors of initial engagement with an asynchronous cognitive behavioral stress management website among older women with nonmetastatic breast cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for fear of cancer recurrence among cancer survivors: a randomized single-case experimental design.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Trial
- Interventions to Reduce Fear of Cancer Recurrence Among People With Cancer: Scoping Review.JMIR cancer · 2026Article
- Beyond tumor biology: nursing interventions for psychological and immune health in cancer patients.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Review
- Latent profile analysis of fear of cancer recurrence in patients with prostate cancer: Insights into risk factors and psychological interventions.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2025Article
- Telehealth group session on body image for young breast cancer survivors: a pilot study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- Supportive Care Needs From Mid-to Long-Term Follow-Up Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Psycho-oncology · 2025Article
- Fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation: A qualitative study.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Application and Mechanisms of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) in Improving Psychological State in Cancer Patients.Journal of Cancer · 2023Review
- Relations between recurrence risk perceptions and fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer survivors.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlended cognitive behaviour therapy (bCBT) is an effective treatment for fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in curatively-treated breast, colorectal and prostate cancer survivors with high FCR. However, long-term outcomes are unknown. This study investigated the long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of bCBT compared with care as usual (CAU).
methodsEighty-eight cancer survivors with high FCR (Cancer Worry Scale ≥14) were randomly assigned to bCBT (n = 45) or CAU (n = 43). Data were collected at baseline and at three, nine and fifteen months from baseline and analysed by modified intention-to-treat. Efficacy was investigated with linear mixed-effects models. Cost-effectiveness was investigated from a societal perspective by comparing costs with quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs).
resultsParticipants who received bCBT reported significantly lower FCR compared with CAU (mean difference of - 1.787 [95% CI -3.251 to - 0.323, p = 0.017] at 15 months follow-up), and proportionally greater self-rated and clinically significant improvement at each follow-up measurement. Total QALYs were non-significantly different between conditions when adjusted for utility score baseline differences (0.984 compared to 0.957, p = 0.385), while total costs were €631 lower (95% CI -1737 to 2794, p = 0.587). Intervention costs of bCBT were €466. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio amounted to an additional €2049 per QALY gained, with a 62% probability that bCBT is cost-effective at a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of €20,000 per QALY. Results were confirmed in sensitivity analyses.
conclusionsbCBT for cancer survivors with FCR is clinically and statistically more effective than CAU on the long-term. In addition, bCBT is a relatively inexpensive intervention with similar costs and QALYs as CAU.
trial registrationThe RCT was registered in the Dutch National Trial Register ( NTR4423 ) on 12-Feb-2014. This abstract was previously presented at the International Psycho-Oncology Society conference of 2018 and published online. (Psycho-oncology, 27(S3):8-55; 2018).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.