ArticleBMC plant biology2019
Novel haplotypes and networks of AVR-Pik alleles in Magnaporthe oryzae.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
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- OsCAMTA3 Negatively Regulates Disease Resistance toInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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- Effects of temperature and microwave on the stability of the blast effector complex APikL2A/sHMA25 as determined by molecular dynamics analyses.Journal of molecular modeling · 2023Article
- Disentangling the complex gene interaction networks between rice and the blast fungus identifies a new pathogen effector.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Novel insights into host specificity of Pyricularia oryzae and Pyricularia grisea in the infection of gramineous plant roots.Molecular plant pathology · 2022Article
- Thirty years of resistance: Zig-zag through the plant immune system.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- Association analysis of rice resistance genes and blast fungal avirulence genes for effective breeding resistance cultivars.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
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- Analysis of natural variation of the rice blast resistance gene Pike and identification of a novel allele Pikg.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2021Article
- Categorization of Orthologous Gene Clusters in 92 Ascomycota Genomes Reveals Functions Important for Phytopathogenicity.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The allelic rice immune receptor Pikh confers extended resistance to strains of the blast fungus through a single polymorphism in the effector binding interface.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Proteinaceous effector discovery and characterization in filamentous plant pathogens.Molecular plant pathology · 2020Review
- Bioinformatic Detection of Positive Selection Pressure in Plant Pathogens: The Neutral Theory of Molecular Sequence Evolution in Action.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundRice blast disease is one of the most destructive fungal disease of rice worldwide. The avirulence (AVR) genes of Magnaporthe oryzae are recognized by the cognate resistance (R) genes of rice and trigger race-specific resistance. The variation in AVR is one of the major drivers of new races. Detecting the variation in the AVR gene in isolates from a population of Magnaporthe oryzae collected from rice production fields will aid in evaluating the effectiveness of R genes in rice production areas. The Pik gene contains 5 R alleles (Pik, Pikh, Pikp, Pikm and Piks) corresponding to the AVR alleles (AVR-Pik/kh/kp/km/ks) of M. oryzae. The Pik gene specifically recognizes and prevents infections by isolates of M. oryzae that contain AVR-Pik. The molecular variation in AVR-Pik alleles of M. oryzae and Pik alleles of rice remains unclear.
resultsWe studied the possible evolutionary pathways of AVR-Pik alleles by analyzing their DNA sequence variation and assaying their avirulence to the cognate Pik alleles of resistance genes under field conditions in China. The results of PCR products from genomic DNA showed that 278 of the 366 isolates of M. oryzae collected from Yunnan Province, China, carried AVR-Pik alleles. Among the isolates from six regions of Yunnan, 66.7-90.3% carried AVR-Pik alleles. Moreover, 10 AVR-Pik haplotypes encoding five novel AVR-Pik variants were identified among 201 isolates. The AVR-Pik alleles evolved to virulent from avirulent forms via stepwise base substitution. These findings demonstrate that AVR-Pik alleles are under positive selection and that mutations are responsible for defeating race-specific resistant Pik alleles in nature.
conclusionsWe demonstrated the polymorphism and distribution of AVR-Pik alleles in Yunnan Province, China. By pathogenicity assays used to detect the function of the different haplotypes of AVR-Pik, for the first time, we showed the avoidance and stepwise evolution of AVR-Pik alleles in rice production areas of Yunnan. The functional AVR-Pik possesses diversified sequence structures and is under positive selection in nature.
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