ArticleBiosensors & bioelectronics2019
Eyeglasses-based tear biosensing system: Non-invasive detection of alcohol, vitamins and glucose.
Article in Biosensors & bioelectronics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 301 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tear Biomarkers in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases, and Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Diagnosis (Systematic Review).International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Emerging microfluidic diagnostic systems for anterior segment diseases: a systematic review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Advances and Challenges in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Review
- Flexible Multimodal Wearable Biosensors for Continuous Health Monitoring: Recent Advances and Challenges.Biosensors · 2026Review
- High-throughput production of microbatteries by a stack-punching method.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Flexible polymeric materials and wearable biosensors for smart diabetes mellitus diagnostics and monitoring.iScience · 2026Review
- Development of a Disposable Chemiresistive Biochip for Tear-Based Retinopathy of Prematurity Diagnosis: Early Screening and Risk Prediction.IEEE sensors journal · 2026Article
- Review
- Challenges and opportunities of wearable molecular sensors in endocrinology and metabolism.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Leveraging Machine Learning to Advance Alcohol Research: Current Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2026Review
- A Linear and High-Sensitivity Microwave Biosensor on a FR-4 Substrate for Aqueous Glucose Monitoring Using a Concentric Square-Shaped Split-Ring Resonator.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Integrated individually addressable microneedle arrays for robust glucose monitoring and on-demand insulin releasing.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Electrochemical and Nanomaterial-Based Strategies for Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection: A Review.ChemistryOpen · 2025Review
- Fluorescence sensing of glucose at nanomolar levels using an imprinted copolymer embedded with carbon quantum dots.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Wearable biomolecular sensing nanotechnologies in chronic disease management.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Current advances in multi-strategy collaborative sensitization for self-powered electrochemical biosensors and their applications in disease biomarker detection.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Non-contact measurement of glucose in urine by smartphone-based laser refractometry for diabetes monitoring.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Continuous Monitoring with AI-Enhanced BioMEMS Sensors: A Focus on Sustainable Energy Harvesting and Predictive Analytics.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Implantable bioelectronics and wearable sensors for kidney health and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We report on a wearable tear bioelectronic platform, integrating a microfluidic electrochemical detector into an eyeglasses nose-bridge pad, for non-invasive monitoring of key tear biomarkers. The alcohol-oxidase (AOx) biosensing fluidic system allowed real-time tear collection and direct alcohol measurements in stimulated tears, leading to the first wearable platform for tear alcohol monitoring. Placed outside the eye region this fully wearable tear-sensing platform addresses drawbacks of sensor systems involving direct contact with the eye as the contact lenses platform. Integrating the wireless electronic circuitry into the eyeglasses frame thus yielded a fully portable, convenient-to-use fashionable sensing device. The tear alcohol sensing concept was demonstrated for monitoring of alcohol intake in human subjects over multiple drinking courses, displaying good correlation to parallel BAC measurements. We also demonstrate for the first time the ability to monitor tear glucose outside the eye and the utility of wearable devices for monitoring vitamin nutrients in connection to enzymatic flow detector and rapid voltammetric scanning, respectively. These developments pave the way to build an effective eyeglasses system capable of chemical tear analysis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.