Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31095620›Full record

ArticlePloS one2019

Reading canonical and modified nucleobases in 16S ribosomal RNA using nanopore native RNA sequencing.

Andrew M Smith, Miten Jain, Logan Mulroney, Daniel R Garalde, Mark Akeson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed
11.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 210 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Integrating mass spectrometry with Nanopore direct RNA sequencing forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
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  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. TRMT1L-catalyzed mCell reports · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. When animal viruses meet NVeterinary research · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Andrew M SmithUC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-6466-1428
Miten JainUC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.
Logan MulroneyUC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-0534-0165
Daniel R GaraldeOxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Mark AkesonUC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-9392-8075
University of California, Santa Cruz · USOxford Nanopore Technologies (United Kingdom) · GB

Funding

A Unified Nanopore Platform for Direct Sequencing of Individual Full Length RNA Strands Bearing Modified NucleotidesR01HG010053 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI AKESON, MARK A · 2018 to 2021
$3.8M
Optimization of Processive Enzymes for DNA Sequencing using NanoporesR01HG006321 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI AKESON, MARK A · 2011 to 2013
$3.6M
Optimization of Nanopore Genomic DNA SequencingR01HG007827 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI AKESON, MARK A · 2014 to 2016
$2.2M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG006321NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG007827NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG010053
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ribosome small subunit is expressed in all living cells. It performs numerous essential functions during translation, including formation of the initiation complex and proofreading of base-pairs between mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons. The core constituent of the small ribosomal subunit is a ~1.5 kb RNA strand in prokaryotes (16S rRNA) and a homologous ~1.8 kb RNA strand in eukaryotes (18S rRNA). Traditional sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS) of rRNA genes or rRNA cDNA copies has achieved wide use as a 'molecular chronometer' for phylogenetic studies, and as a tool for identifying infectious organisms in the clinic. However, epigenetic modifications on rRNA are erased by SBS methods. Here we describe direct MinION nanopore sequencing of individual, full-length 16S rRNA absent reverse transcription or amplification. As little as 5 picograms (~10 attomole) of purified E. coli 16S rRNA was detected in 4.5 micrograms of total human RNA. Nanopore ionic current traces that deviated from canonical patterns revealed conserved E. coli 16S rRNA 7-methylguanosine and pseudouridine modifications, and a 7-methylguanosine modification that confers aminoglycoside resistance to some pathological E. coli strains.

Indexed as

NanoporesEscherichia coliRNA, BacterialRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSequence Analysis, RNARNA, BacterialRNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Identifiers

PMID31095620
PMCPMC6522004
OpenAlexW2949707636

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.