ArticlePain2019
Longitudinal translocator protein-18 kDa-positron emission tomography imaging of peripheral and central myeloid cells in a mouse model of complex regional pain syndrome.
Article in Pain, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Translatome profiling of spinal cord astrocytes reveals distinct gene signatures associated with acute and chronic pain.iScience · 2026Article
- TREM1-PET imaging maps whole-body innate immune responses in a mouse model of metastatic melanoma.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A radiolabeled dendrimer non-invasively identifies and tracks innate immune cell activation in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- 18 kDa Translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in rat brain after peripheral nerve injury and downregulated by diroximel fumarate.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Repopulated spinal cord microglia exhibit a unique transcriptome and contribute to pain resolution.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of complex regional pain syndrome.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Up-and-coming Radiotracers for Imaging Pain Generators.Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology · 2023Article
- Migraine and peripheral pain models show differential alterations in neuronal complexity.Headache · 2022Article
- Mitochondria and sensory processing in inflammatory and neuropathic pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Normalization of Neuroinflammation: A New Strategy for Treatment of Persistent Pain and Memory/Emotional Deficits in Chronic Pain.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Review
- Temporal Contribution of Myeloid-Lineage TLR4 to the Transition to Chronic Pain: A Focus on Sex Differences.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Neuroimmunology of Chronic Pain: From Rodents to Humans.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Review
- Autoimmune regulation of chronic pain.Pain reports · 2021Review
- Development of a CD19 PET tracer for detecting B cells in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Extra-Axial Inflammatory Signal in Parameninges in Migraine with Visual Aura.Annals of neurology · 2020Article
- Modeling Complex Orthopedic Trauma in Rodents: Bone, Muscle and Nerve Injury and Healing.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
- Evidence for glial reactivity using positron-emission tomography imaging of translocator Protein-18 kD [TSPO] in both sham and nerve-injured rats in a preclinical model of orofacial neuropathic pain.Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
- Chronic pain and complex regional pain syndrome are associated with alterations to the intestinal microbiota in both humans and mice. An observational cross-sectional study.Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a severely disabling disease characterized by pain, temperature changes, motor dysfunction, and edema that most often occurs as an atypical response to a minor surgery or fracture. Inflammation involving activation and recruitment of innate immune cells, including both peripheral and central myeloid cells (ie, macrophages and microglia, respectively), is a key feature of CRPS. However, the exact role and time course of these cellular processes relative to the known acute and chronic phases of the disease are not fully understood. Positron emission tomography (PET) of translocator protein-18 kDa (TSPO) is a method for noninvasively tracking these activated innate immune cells. Here, we reveal the temporal dynamics of peripheral and central inflammatory responses over 20 weeks in a tibial fracture/casting mouse model of CRPS through longitudinal TSPO-PET using [F]GE-180. Positron emission tomography tracer uptake quantification in the tibia revealed increased peripheral inflammation as early as 2 days after fracture and lasting 7 weeks. Centralized inflammation was detected in the spinal cord and brain of fractured mice at 7 and 21 days after injury. Spinal cord tissue immunofluorescent staining revealed TSPO expression in microglia (CD11b+) at 7 days but was restricted mainly to endothelial cells (PECAM1+) at baseline and 7 weeks. Our data suggest early and persistent peripheral myeloid cell activation and transient central microglial activation are limited to the acute phase of CRPS. Moreover, we show that TSPO-PET can be used to noninvasively monitor the spatiotemporal dynamics of myeloid cell activation in CRPS progression with potential to inform disease phase-specific therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.