ArticleTranslational behavioral medicine2019
A four-group experiment to improve Western high school students' sun protection behaviors.
Article in Translational behavioral medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based High School Melanoma Prevention Curricula.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Associations between Perceived Costs and Rewards of Sun Protection and Sun Safety Practices among Rural and Urban High School Students.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Trial
- Effect of a Face-Aging Mobile App-Based Intervention on Skin Cancer Protection Behavior in Secondary Schools in Brazil: A Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA dermatology · 2020Trial
- Global Trends in Sun Safety and Skin Cancer Prevention Education Among Adolescents: A Bibliometric Analysis.Cureus · 2026Review
- A scoping review: Community-based interventions for primary prevention of skin cancer.Dermatology online journal · 2026Article
- SUNTEL pilot study: first school-based integration of the ugly duckling sign and a dedicated e-learning platform with peer education for melanoma prevention.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Challenges and lessons learned in recruiting participants for school-based disease prevention programs during COVID-19.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Protocol for a cluster-randomized trial of a school-based skin cancer preventive intervention for adolescents.Contemporary clinical trials · 2024Article
- Sun exposure and protection practices among Florida college marching band members and alumni: a cross-sectional study.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Article
- Article
- A Review of the Impact of Sun Safety Interventions in Children.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2023Review
- Demographics of Skin Cancer Knowledge Among Middle and High Schoolers in Texas.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Sun Protection Interventions Delivered to Adolescents in a Secondary School Setting: A Systematic Review.Journal of skin cancer · 2021Review
- The Potential of Ultraviolet Radiation Meters in Secondary Schools as a Sun Protection Intervention Mechanism for Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Introduction to the special issue on child and family health: the role of behavioral medicine in understanding and optimizing child health.Translational behavioral medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Multicomponent skin cancer preventive interventions for adolescents that aim to decrease ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and sunburns are particularly needed given their intentional tanning and infrequent use of sun protection. The purpose of this study was to conduct an early-phase study within the Multiphase Optimization Strategy framework that experimentally tested four unique intervention components targeting high school students' skin cancer prevention behaviors. Schools (11 total, N = 1,573 students) were assigned to receive one of four interventions: skin cancer education (control), education plus a sunscreen activity (to illustrate sunscreen's UVR-blocking properties), or behavior change worksheet (sun protection goal setting and planning) or receipt of a personalized UV damage photograph (photograph of facial damage). Sun protection, sunburn, and tanning outcomes were assessed before intervention and at 1-month follow-up. Within- and between-intervention changes in outcomes were examined using generalized estimating equation modeling. All interventions were associated with significant improvements in sun protection. The photograph was superior in controlling intentional tanning and sunburn when compared to the behavior change worksheet (ps < .05). In contrast, the worksheet was associated with greater increases in sun protection use when compared with the photograph (ps < .05). In this experiment testing four skin cancer preventive intervention components that varied in approach, content, and interactivity, the behavior change worksheet was superior in improving sun protection use whereas the UV photograph was superior in controlling intentional tanning and sunburn. Future randomized trials to test combinations of these intervention components are needed, and could identify mechanisms underlying improved effects and demographic or behavioral moderators of intervention effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.