ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Early Signals of Vaccine-driven Perturbation Seen in Pneumococcal Carriage Population Genomic Data.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae Is Associated With Increased Experimental Pneumococcal Carriage but Reduced Conjugate Vaccine Efficacy in a Human Challenge Model.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Fourteen-year genomic surveillance of pediatric invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae: genomic and pan-genomic characterization.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Genomic epidemiology ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Clonal Expansion of a Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 Capsule Variant Sequence Type 700 With Enhanced Vaccine Escape Potential After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The metabolic, virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of colonising Streptococcus pneumoniae shift after PCV13 introduction in urban Malawi.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Optimal age targeting for pneumococcal vaccination in older adults; a modelling study.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Population genomics of pneumococcal carriage in South Africa following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) immunization.Microbial genomics · 2022Article
- Genomic surveillance of invasiveMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- Article
- Clinical Relevance and Molecular Pathogenesis of the Emerging Serotypes 22F and 33F ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced pneumococcal diseases globally. Pneumococcal genomic surveys elucidate PCV effects on population structure but are rarely conducted in low-income settings despite the high disease burden.
methodsWe undertook whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 660 pneumococcal isolates collected through surveys from healthy carriers 2 years from 13-valent PCV (PCV13) introduction and 1 year after rollout in northern Malawi. We investigated changes in population structure, within-lineage serotype dynamics, serotype diversity, and frequency of antibiotic resistance (ABR) and accessory genes.
resultsIn children <5 years of age, frequency and diversity of vaccine serotypes (VTs) decreased significantly post-PCV, but no significant changes occurred in persons ≥5 years of age. Clearance of VT serotypes was consistent across different genetic backgrounds (lineages). There was an increase of nonvaccine serotypes (NVTs)-namely 7C, 15B/C, and 23A-in children <5 years of age, but 28F increased in both age groups. While carriage rates have been recently shown to remain stable post-PCV due to replacement serotypes, there was no change in diversity of NVTs. Additionally, frequency of intermediate-penicillin-resistant lineages decreased post-PCV. Although frequency of ABR genes remained stable, other accessory genes, especially those associated with mobile genetic element and bacteriocins, showed changes in frequency post-PCV.
conclusionsWe demonstrate evidence of significant population restructuring post-PCV driven by decreasing frequency of vaccine serotypes and increasing frequency of few NVTs mainly in children under 5. Continued surveillance with WGS remains crucial to fully understand dynamics of the residual VTs and replacement NVT serotypes post-PCV.
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