ReviewDrugs2019
Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Administration of Azole Antifungal Agents.
Review in Drugs, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coccidioidomycosis in Europe: a systematic literature review of epidemiology, treatment and outcomes.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Comparison of antifungal drugs in the treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Phase I Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Voriconazole in Healthy Volunteers and Subjects With Stable Asthma.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Trial
- Localized Cutaneous Versus Deep Sporotrichosis at Hospital das Clínicas, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil: A Cohort of 213 Culture-Confirmed Cases, 2011 to 2026.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Subtractive Proteomics and Immunoinformatics-Guided Design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against Aspergillus fumigatus.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Contribution of fungal diseases to the U.S. chronic disease burden.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Differential Effects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Antifungals onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems as Emerging Tools to Overcome Antifungal Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A Transcriptomic Study of the Effects of Tea Tree Essential Oil on the Pathogenicity ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Fifteen-Year Evolution of Chronic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Mimicking Other Dermatoses.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Disproportionality Analysis and Timing of Drug-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome Onset Based on the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Population pharmacokinetics, in-feed bioavailability and tissue depletion of imidazole antifungal clotrimazole in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Incidence of Voriconazole-induced periostitis in a tertiary medical center: a single-center retrospective analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Azole-Flavonoid Hybrids as Emerging Anticancer Agents: A Bioactivity-Focused Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity in Atopic Dermatitis: Ethnic, Anatomical Site, and Age-related Variations.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Development of Advanced Nanobiosensors and a Portable Monitoring System for Pesticide Detection at the Point of Need.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Endocrine consequences of antifungal therapy: A missed entity.World journal of clinical cases · 2026Review
- Gut fungi exacerbates gallstone formation by activating neutrophil extracellular traps in the liver.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- The pathogenicity and future treatment strategies ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Azole antifungals are first-line options in the prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal infections. They are often used for prolonged (weeks to months) periods of time, particularly in patients with hematologic malignancies, or in those who have received a solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Long-term use of azoles is associated with hepatotoxicity and hormone-related effects, including gynecomastia, alopecia, decreased libido, oligospermia, azoospermia, impotence, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and (rarely) adrenal insufficiency. Voriconazole and posaconazole have been associated with peripheral neuropathies, and itraconazole and voriconazole with pancreatitis. In addition, voriconazole has been associated with periostitis, phototoxic reactions, and squamous cell carcinoma. Since many at-risk patients are commonly receiving multiple medications, it can be difficult for care providers to identify antifungal agent causality or contribution to patient symptoms. Knowledge and recognition of adverse events caused by azoles, leading to dose reduction or discontinuation, can generally reverse these adverse events.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.