ReviewRevista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health2019
Risk factors for chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes: a systematic review.
Review in Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes in tropical coastal areas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease stages 3-5 in low- and middle-income countries in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Scoping Review of Interventions to Prevent CKD of Unknown Origin in Working Populations.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Lived experiences of heat stress among migrant agricultural workers in Spain: a qualitative study.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Ethical Considerations for Research in CKD of Unknown Etiology: Reflections From an Ethics Panel at the Fourth International Workshop on CKD of Unknown Etiology.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Occupational Heat Stress Among Migrant and Ethnic Minority Outdoor Workers: A Scoping Review.Current environmental health reports · 2025Article
- Occupation as a risk factor for progression of chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of occupational health · 2025Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology: A Global Health Threat in Rural Agricultural Communities-Prevalence, Suspected Causes, Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Chronic Kidney Disease Among Agricultural Workers in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Chronic dehydration induces injury pathways in rats, but does not mimic histopathology of chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association between the Polymorphisms rs2070744, 4b/a and rs1799983 of theMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Environmental and Social Factors Associated with High Chronic Kidney Disease Mortality Rates in Municipalities of Guatemala: An Ecological Study of Municipal-Level Mortality Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Kidney Function in Rice Workers Exposed to Heat and Dehydration in Costa Rica.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Chronic kidney disease and associated factors among adult population in Southwest Ethiopia.PloS one · 2022Article
- Factors associated with chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes among children in Guatemala.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2021Article
- Renal Failure among Women of Reproductive Age in Burundi: Estimating the Prevalence and Associated Factors Using Population-Based Data.International journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- When Land Is Under Pressure Health Is Under Stress.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Is an Environmental Nephrotoxin the Primary Cause of CKDu (Mesoamerican Nephropathy)? PRO.Kidney360 · 2020Article
- Is an Environmental Nephrotoxin the Primary Cause of CKDu (Mesoamerican Nephropathy)? CON.Kidney360 · 2020Article
- Chronic kidney disease of non-traditional origin in Mesoamerica: a disease primarily driven by occupational heat stress.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the potential associations between chronic kidney disease of uncertain or non-traditional etiology (CKDnT) and agrochemicals, heat stress, heavy metals, and other factors identified in the literature in any region of the world and at any time.
methodsThis was a systematic review of the most frequent exposures suspected to be possible causes of CKDnT. A search was conducted of PubMed, LILACS, World Wide Science electronic databases, among other sources. Only medium- and high-quality studies were included. The synthesis of evidence included a narrative synthesis, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.
resultsFour systematic reviews and 61 primary studies were included. Results of the meta-analysis suggest that exposure to agrochemicals and working in agriculture increase the risk of CKDnT, but this only reached significance for working in agriculture. When cross-sectional studies were excluded, agrochemical exposure became significant. However, there is substantial heterogeneity in the effect sizes.
conclusionsBased on the existing evidence and the precautionary principle, it is important to implement preventive measures to mitigate the damage caused by CKDnT to both agricultural workers and their communities (i.e., improvement of working conditions, cautious management of agrochemicals, etc.). More high-quality research is needed to measure impact and to build the evidence base.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.