Trial reportNature communications2019
Concentration and avidity of antibodies to different circumsporozoite epitopes correlate with RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine efficacy.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on malaria and Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine challenges in sub-Saharan African clinical trials.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- In silico design of a T-cell epitope vaccine candidate for parasitic helminth infection.PLoS pathogens · 2020Pooled it
- Duration and association with protection of NANP-repeat-specific and C-terminus-specific anti-circumsporozoite protein IgG responses following RTS,S/AS01The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Antibody fine specificity correlates with protection from malaria for the RTS,S vaccine in young African children: A post hoc analysis of a phase IIb randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2026Trial
- The effect of Plasmodium falciparum exposure and maternal anti-circumsporozoite protein antibodies on responses to RTS,S/AS01The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine drives diverse immune responses in pre-exposed adults: insights from a phase IIb controlled human malaria infection trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Identification of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine-induced humoral biomarkers predictive of protection against controlled human malaria infection.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Declining Antibody Affinity Over Time After Human Vaccination With a Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Vaccine Candidate.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Could Less Be More? Accounting for Fractional-Dose Regimens and Different Number of Vaccine Doses When Measuring the Impact of the RTS,S/AS01E Malaria Vaccine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- RTS,S/AS02A Malaria Vaccine-Induced IgG Responses Equally Recognize Native-Like Fucosylated and Nonfucosylated Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Proteins.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- The Anti-Circumsporozoite Antibody Response of Children to Seasonal Vaccination With the RTS,S/AS01E Malaria Vaccine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Induction, decay, and determinants of functional antibodies following vaccination with the RTS,S malaria vaccine in young children.BMC medicine · 2022Trial
- Multifunctional Antibodies Are Induced by the RTS,S Malaria Vaccine and Associated With Protection in a Phase 1/2a Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Trial
- Assessment of avidity related to IgG subclasses in SARS-CoV-2 Brazilian infected patients.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Protective near-germline antibodies to malaria elicited by RTS,S/AS01bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- The endemic dilemma: why whole sporozoite malaria vaccine efficacy falls in the field.Trends in parasitology · 2026Review
- Vaccine-Induced Antibodies to a C-Terminal Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein Epitope Associated With Protection Against Malaria Challenge.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 13 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
Abstract
RTS,S/AS01E has been tested in a phase 3 malaria vaccine study with partial efficacy in African children and infants. In a cohort of 1028 subjects from one low (Bagomoyo) and two high (Nanoro, Kintampo) malaria transmission sites, we analysed IgG plasma/serum concentration and avidity to CSP (NANP-repeat and C-terminal domains) after a 3-dose vaccination against time to clinical malaria events during 12-months. Here we report that RTS,S/AS01E induces substantial increases in IgG levels from pre- to post-vaccination (p < 0.001), higher in NANP than C-terminus (2855 vs 1297 proportional change between means), and higher concentrations and avidities in children than infants (p < 0.001). Baseline CSP IgG levels are elevated in malaria cases than controls (p < 0.001). Both, IgG magnitude to NANP (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.61 [0.48-0.76]) and avidity to C-terminus (0.07 [0.05-0.90]) post-vaccination are significantly associated with vaccine efficacy. IgG avidity to the C-terminus emerges as a significant contributor to RTS,S/AS01E-mediated protection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.