ArticleExperimental animals2019
Effects of an anesthetic mixture of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol and antagonism by atipamezole in rabbits.
Article in Experimental animals, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a modified anesthetic protocol using dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol in mice.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026Article
- Dual-route administration of balanced anesthesia using medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol provides both suitable anesthetic depth and reduced tissue injury in rabbits.Experimental animals · 2025Article
- Evaluation of storage conditions and periods for a three-drug anesthetic mixture in mice.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2025Article
- Osteogenic effects and safety of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived megakaryocytes and platelets produced on a clinical scale.Regenerative therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- The sedative effect of intranasal administration of medetomidine using a mucosal atomization device in Japanese White rabbits.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2023Article
- Effect of experimental periodontitis on cardiac functions: a comprehensive study using echocardiography, hemodynamic analysis, and histopathological evaluation in a rat model.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Study of the Correlation Between Severity of Endophthalmitis and Posterior Vitreous Detachment Using a Rabbit Endophthalmitis Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Novel protocol to establish the myocardial infarction model in rats using a combination of medetomidine-midazolam-butorphanol (MMB) and atipamezole.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Retinal dysfunction induced in a mouse model of unilateral common carotid artery occlusion.PeerJ · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Medetomidine (MED), midazolam (MID), and butorphanol (BUT) mixed anesthetic (MMB) has been used in laboratory animals since ketamine (KET) was designated as a narcotic in Japan in 2007. We previously reported that MMB produced anesthetic effects in mice and rats. We also demonstrated the efficacy of atipamezole (ATI), an antagonist of MED produced a quick recovery from anesthesia. Anesthetics have various anesthetic effects among different animal species. However, there is little information regarding its effects in rabbits. In the present study, we examined anesthetic effects of MMB compared to KET and xylazine mixed anesthetic (KX). We examined the antagonistic effects of ATI by intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) injection in rabbits. We used the anesthetic score to measure surgical anesthetic duration and recovery time from anesthesia. During the experiments, we measured heart rate, respiratory rate, O
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