Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31092644›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2019

Willingness of patients to use unused medication returned to the pharmacy by another patient: a cross-sectional survey.

Charlotte Bekker, Bart van den Bemt, Toine Cg Egberts, Marcel Bouvy, Helga Gardarsdottir

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Reuse of unused medications: a cross-sectional study on public willingness and influencing factors.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Optimising oncology drug expenditure in Ireland.Irish journal of medical science · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Household Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal as a Global Problem-A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Charlotte BekkerDepartment of Pharmacy, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6018-4409
Bart van den BemtDepartment of Pharmacy, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Toine Cg EgbertsDivision Laboratories and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Marcel BouvyDivision Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Helga GardarsdottirDivision Laboratories and Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesRedispensing by pharmacies of medication unused by another patient could contribute to optimal use of healthcare resources. This study aimed to assess patient willingness to use medication returned by another patient and patient characteristics associated with this willingness.

designCross-sectional survey.

settingA total of 41 community and 5 outpatient pharmacies in the Netherlands.

participantsTotal of 2215 pharmacy visitors. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients completed a questionnaire regarding their willingness to use medication returned unused to the pharmacy by another patient, assuming quality was guaranteed. Secondary outcome measures included patient sociodemographic characteristics that were associated with patient willingness, analysed using logistic regression analysis and reported as ORs with 95% CIs.

resultsOf the 2215 patients (mean (SD) age 50.6(18.0) years; 61.4% female), 61.2% were willing to use medication returned unused to the pharmacy by another patient. Patients who were unwilling mostly found it risky. Men were more willing to use returned medication (OR 1.3 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6), as did patients with a high educational level (OR 1.8 95% CI 1.3 to 2.5), those who regularly use 1-3 medications (OR 1.3 95% CI 1.1 to 1.7), those who returned medication to the pharmacy for disposal (OR 1.5 95% CI 1.0 to 2.3) and those who ever had unused medication themselves (OR 1.3 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6)). Patients with non-Dutch cultural background were less willing to use returned medication (OR 0.395% CI 0.3 to 0.4)).

conclusionsWhen quality is guaranteed, a substantial proportion of patients are willing to use medication returned unused to the pharmacy by another patient. This suggests that implementation of redispensing may be supported by patients.

Indexed as

Drug UtilizationPrescription DrugsAdultAttitude to HealthCost SavingsDrug TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMedical WasteMiddle AgedNetherlandsPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacySurveys and QuestionnairesMedical WastePharmaceutical PreparationsPrescription Drugshealth policymedication wasteorganisation of health servicesredispensingunused medication

Identifiers

PMID31092644
PMCPMC6530303

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.