ArticleToxins2019
Assessment of Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination and Associated Risk Factors in Feed and Feed Ingredients in Rwanda.
Article in Toxins, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Concentration and prevalence of mycotoxins in poultry feed and poultry products: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Mycotoxin research · 2026Pooled it
- Current status of aflatoxin contamination and mitigation efforts in mozambique: a systematic review.Mycotoxin research · 2026Pooled it
- Aflatoxin health risk in the feed source: Integrated strategies for feed safety and sustainable One Health.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Review
- Aflatoxin surveillance in Punjab's dairy sector: feed and milk contamination.Mycotoxin research · 2026Article
- On-farm evaluation of aflatoxin binder inclusion in dairy feed as a strategy to reduce milk aflatoxin M1 contamination in the Rwandan context.Mycotoxin research · 2025Article
- Pre- and post-harvest aflatoxin contamination and management strategies of Aspergillus spoilage in East African Community maize: review of etiology and climatic susceptibility.Mycotoxin research · 2024Review
- Article
- Monitoring Mycotoxin Exposure in Food-Producing Animals (Cattle, Pig, Poultry, and Sheep).Toxins · 2024Review
- Seasonal variation of mycotoxin levels in poultry feeds and feed ingredients in Oyo State, Nigeria.Mycotoxin research · 2024Article
- The spectrum of TP53 mutations in Rwandan patients with gastric cancer.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2024Article
- Fumonisins in African Countries.Toxins · 2022Review
- Preliminary sampling of aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk from dairy farms using feed ingredients from Rwanda.Mycotoxin research · 2022Article
- Farmer's knowledge and suggested approaches for controlling aflatoxin contamination of raw milk in Pakistan.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Content of total aflatoxin, lead, and cadmium in the bovine meat and edible offal: study of their human dietary intake, health risk assessment, and molecular biomarkers.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Review
- Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies.Toxins · 2021Review
- Magnitude of AflatoxigenicVeterinary medicine international · 2021Article
- Founder events influence structures of Aspergillus flavus populations.Environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that contaminate crops, food, and animal feeds. Aflatoxins and fumonisins are among the mycotoxins that have been increasingly reported to affect health and productivity of livestock globally. Given that the health and productivity of livestock can directly influence human food safety and security, a study was conducted to assess the levels and factors for aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in feed and feed ingredients in Rwanda. Aflatoxins and fumonisins were analyzed in 3328 feed and feed ingredient samples collected at six time points between March and October 2017 in all 30 districts of Rwanda. Of the 612 participants providing samples, there were 10 feed processors, 68 feed vendors, 225 dairy farmers, and 309 poultry farmers. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used for aflatoxin and fumonisin analyses. Mean aflatoxin levels of 108.83 µg/kg (Median (MD): 43.65 µg/kg), 103.81µg/kg (MD: 48.4 µg/kg), 88.64 µg/kg (MD: 30.90 µg/kg), and 94.95 µg/kg (MD: 70.45 µg/kg) were determined for dairy farmers, poultry farmers, feed vendors, and feed processors, respectively. Mean fumonisin levels were 1.52 mg/kg (MD: 0.71 mg/kg), 1.21 mg/kg (MD: 0.56 mg/kg), 1.48 mg/kg (MD: 0.76 mg/kg), and 1.03 mg/kg (MD: 0.47 mg/kg) for dairy farmers, poultry farmers, feed vendors, and feed processors, respectively. Aflatoxin contamination was significantly affected by time of sampling and district from which feed samples originated (
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Registered trials
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