ArticleAnnual review of nutrition2019
The Benefits and Risks of Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy and Childhood.
Article in Annual review of nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of different Iron-Folic acid (IFA) formulations, doses, and frequencies on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes compared to multiple micronutrients (MMN) among pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- The benefits and harms of oral iron supplementation in non-anaemic pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Family practice · 2025Pooled it
- Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal Iron Status in Pregnancy and Child Health Outcomes after Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Infant formula iron fortification of 2 vs. 8 mg/L does not increase the risk of iron deficiency or impact neurodevelopment at 12 months.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effect of Prenatal Iron Supplementation Adapted to Hemoglobin Levels in Early Pregnancy on Fetal and Neonatal Growth-ECLIPSES Study.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Birth weight and gestational age distributions in a rural Kenyan population.BMC pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Iron supplementation given to nonanemic infants: neurocognitive functioning at 16 years.Nutritional neuroscience · 2023Trial
- Associations of maternal iron deficiency with malaria infection in a cohort of pregnant Papua New Guinean women.Malaria journal · 2022Trial
- Young adult outcomes associated with lower cognitive functioning in childhood related to iron-fortified formula in infancy.Nutritional neuroscience · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Hepcidin is a relevant iron status indicator in infancy: results from a randomized trial of early vs. delayed cord clamping.Pediatric research · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Association of iron status with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia in an obesogenic context: Results from a cohort of pregnant Chilean women.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Red cell distribution width and reticulocyte hemoglobin content as predictors of iron depletion in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of iron deficiency screening in pregnancy across ferritin-based thresholds.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Effect of pH and viscosity of two different iron supplements on enamel discoloration in permanent teeth: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Psychological Factors, Serum Trace Elements, and Clinical Features of Factitious Oral Ulcers in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Oral diseases · 2026Article
- Associations of early life dietary diversity and child neurodevelopment: a prospective cohort study.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- Association of maternal multiple serum metal/metalloid concentrations and metabolic gene polymorphisms with offspring skeletal defects: a multicenter case-control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world and disproportionately affects pregnant women and young children. Iron deficiency has negative effects on pregnancy outcomes in women and on immune function and neurodevelopment in children. Iron supplementation programs have been successful in reducing this health burden. However, iron supplementation of iron-sufficient individuals is likely not necessary and may carry health risks for iron-sufficient and potentially some iron-deficient populations. This review considers the physiology of iron as a nutrient and how this physiology informs decision-making about weighing the benefits and risks of iron supplementation in iron-deficient, iron-sufficient, and iron-overloaded pregnant women and children.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.