ArticleJBRA assisted reproduction2019
New therapeutic protocol for improvement of endometrial receptivity (PRIMER) for patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) - A pilot study.
Article in JBRA assisted reproduction, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Is sub-endometrial injection a superior method for the administration of intrauterine PRP?: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Pooled it
- Uterine infusion strategies for infertile patients with recurrent implantation failure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Pooled it
- Intrauterine platelet-rich plasma infusion for recurrent implantation failure: a pilot randomized controlled single-blinded clinical trial in the USA.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026Trial
- Intrauterine infusion of autologous platelet rich plasma can be an efficient treatment for patients with unexplained recurrent implantation failure.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Article
- The Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on Endometrial Receptivity of Implantation Failure Mouse.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Embryo versus endometrial receptivity: untangling a complex debate.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Feasible Influence of G-CSF on Clinical Pregnancy Outcome in Oocyte Donation Cycles for Patients with Recurrent Implantation Failure.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Article
- Good practice recommendations on add-ons in reproductive medicine†.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Should the Treatment of Patients with Repeated Embryo Implantation Failure Be Adapted as a Function of the Endometrial Cytokine Profile? A Single-Center Experience.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Commercially Available Molecular Approaches to Evaluate Endometrial Receptivity: A Systematic Review and Critical Analysis of the Literature.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Is There any Role for Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Improvement of Implantation in Intrauterine Insemination? A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2022Article
- Autologous platelet-rich plasma improves the endometrial thickness and live birth rate in patients with recurrent implantation failure and thin endometrium.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the effect of intrauterine injection of platelet-rich plasma on the pregnancy rate of patients with a history of implantation failure in theJournal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Use of clomiphene citrate protocol for controlled ovarian stimulation impairs endometrial maturity.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2021Article
- Platelet-Rich Plasma as a Potential New Strategy in the Endometrium Treatment in Assisted Reproductive Technology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate whether or not one should use a new Protocol for Endometrial Receptivity Improvement (PRIMER) based on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and granulocyte colony-stimulation factor (G-CSF) to enhance ongoing pregnancy rates in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF).
methodsWomen undergoing IVF/ICSI were prospectively divided into two groups: - PRIMER/RIF group (n:33): patients with RIF (defined as ≥2embryo transfers (ETs) and at least 5 morphologically good embryos transferred) in which intrauterine PRP injection and subcutaneous G-CSF-injection were performed. - Control group (n:33): patients in their first IVF/ICSI attempt/cycle (without PRP or G-CSF injection). The PRP was prepared using autologous fresh-whole blood processed to increase platelet-concentration in 2 to 4 fold. All patients undergoing the PRP-treatment received 0.7ml of it through intrauterine-injection 48 hours before the ET. G-CSF (300mg/0.5ml) started simultaneously to PRP and was administered subcutaneously every week.
resultsRegarding implantation, clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates, we found no statistically significant difference (18.2% versus 17.6%, p=0.90; 36.4% versus 30.3%, p=0.61 and 25.0% versus 9.0%, p=0.43, respectively). The use of PRIMER enabled RIF patients (previous ET µ: 4.0±1.5) to reach similar ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates like those patients who had their first IVF/ICSI cycle attempt (27.3% versus 27.3%, p=0.99).
conclusionsOur results showed, for the first time, evidence that this therapeutic protocol (PRIMER) could be used as a feasible treatment based on biological rationale for patients with RIF, considering its promising outcomes, it is a simple procedure and not associated with patient complications.
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