Trial reportJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2019
An electronic health record-based interoperable eReferral system to enhance smoking Quitline treatment in primary care.
Trial report in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Transforming the Treatment of Tobacco Use in Health Care: Seizing the Potential of the Electronic Health Record to Deliver Comprehensive Chronic Care Treatment for Smoking: Study 1: the EHR and Fax Referral Study
Enhanced Multicomponent Proactive Navigator-Assisted Cessation of Tobacco Use in Low-Income Patients
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Strategies to improve the implementation of preventive care in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Proactive Referral to Behavioral Smoking Cessation Programs by Healthcare Staff: A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Pooled it
- Strategies to improve smoking cessation rates in primary care.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Comprehensive Primary Care Smoking Treatment Program.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Trial
- Quitline usage does not improve rates of smoking cessation in orthopaedic trauma patients unless combined with nicotine replacement therapy.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Trial
- Implementing an EMR-Based Referral for Smoking Quitline Services with Additional Provider Education, a Cluster-Randomized Trial.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Trial
- Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Strategy for Implementing Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use in Vietnam Commune Health Centers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Article
- Theory-based strategies to enhance interventions for smoking: Relevance to a digital intervention.Behaviour research and therapy · 2025Review
- Representativeness of Electronic Referral to Smoking Treatment Trials in Adult Primary Care.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Assessing the effects of Enhanced Multicomponent Proactive Navigator-Assisted Cessation of Tobacco Use within a federally qualified health center (EMPACT-Us): a protocol study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Perceptions of the Use of Mobile Technologies for Smoking Cessation: Focus Group Study With Individuals of Low Socioeconomic Status Who Smoke.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Interdisciplinary Approach to Developing Nicotine Dependence Treatment Order Set: An Innovative Pilot Implementation.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2023Article
- Genomic medicine to reduce tobacco and related disorders: Translation to precision prevention and treatment.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Implementation planning for equitable tobacco treatment services: a mixed methods assessment of contextual facilitators and barriers in a large comprehensive cancer center.Translational behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Implementation, Maintenance, and Outcomes of an Electronic Referral to a Tobacco Quitline Across Five Health Systems.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- A Clinical Decision Support System for Motivational Messaging and Tobacco Cessation Treatment for Parents: Pilot Evaluation of Use and Acceptance.Applied clinical informatics · 2023Article
- The MOHMQuit (Midwives and Obstetricians Helping Mothers to Quit Smoking) Trial: protocol for a stepped-wedge implementation trial to improve best practice smoking cessation support in public antenatal care services.Implementation science : IS · 2022Article
- A comprehensive electronic health record-enabled smoking treatment program: Evaluating reach and effectiveness in primary care in a multiple baseline design.Preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Electronic health record closed-loop referral ("eReferral") to a state tobacco quitline: a retrospective case study of primary care implementation challenges and adaptations.Implementation science communications · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe study sought to determine whether interoperable, electronic health record-based referral (eReferral) produces higher rates of referral and connection to a state tobacco quitline than does fax-based referral, thus addressing low rates of smoking treatment delivery in health care. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwenty-three primary care clinics from 2 healthcare systems (A and B) in Wisconsin were randomized, unblinded, over 2016-2017, to 2 smoking treatment referral methods: paper-based fax-to-quit (system A =6, system B = 6) or electronic (eReferral; system A = 5, system B = 6). Both methods referred adult patients who smoked to the Wisconsin Tobacco Quitline. A total of 14 636 smokers were seen in the 2 systems (system A: 54.5% women, mean age 48.2 years; system B: 53.8% women, mean age 50.2 years).
resultsClinics with eReferral, vs fax-to-quit, referred a higher percentage of adult smokers to the quitline: system A clinic referral rate = 17.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.2%-18.5%) vs 3.8% (95% CI, 3.5%-4.2%) (P < .001); system B clinic referral rate = 18.9% (95% CI, 18.3%-19.6%) vs 5.2% (95% CI, 4.9%-5.6%) (P < .001). Average rates of quitline connection were higher in eReferral than F2Q clinics: system A = 5.4% (95% CI, 5.0%-5.8%) vs 1.3% (95% CI, 1.1%-1.5%) (P < .001); system B = 5.3% (95% CI, 5.0%-5.7%) vs 2.0% (95% CI, 1.8%-2.2%) (P < .001). DISCUSSION: Electronic health record-based eReferral provided an effective, closed-loop, interoperable means of referring patients who smoke to telephone quitline services, producing referral rates 3-4 times higher than the current standard of care (fax referral), including especially high rates of referral of underserved individuals.
conclusionseReferral may help address the challenge of providing smokers with treatment for tobacco use during busy primary care visits.ClinicalTrials.gov; No. NCT02735382.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.