ReviewMolecular psychiatry2019
Excitation-inhibition balance as a framework for investigating mechanisms in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Review in Molecular psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 592 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
592 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,003 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the auditory steady-state response in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Aperiodic Neural Activity in Clinical Investigations.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Neural excitation/inhibition imbalance and neurodevelopmental pathology in human copy number variant syndromes: a systematic review.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Improves Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder by Reorganizing Overlapping Brain Networks With Neurochemical and Transcriptomic Signatures: A Randomized Controlled Trial.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Trial
- Cannabidiol blood metabolite levels after cannabidiol treatment are associated with broadband EEG changes and improvements in visuomotor and non-verbal cognitive abilities in boys with autism requiring higher levels of support.Translational psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Differential GABA dynamics across brain functional networks in autism.Communications biology · 2026Trial
- Peripheral magnetic stimulation effects on brain activity in older adults with schizophrenia - a randomized controlled pilot study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Cortical Hyperexcitability Shapes Large-Scale Brain Dynamics and Behavioral Outcome in Angelman Syndrome.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Pathological Priming and Developmental Heterochrony as Organizing Concepts in Human iPSC Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Excitation-inhibition imbalance links amyloid pathophysiology to cognition in non-demented individuals.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Effects of spatial constraints of inhibitory connectivity on the dynamical development of criticality in spiking networks.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Excitation/inhibition balance subtypes in autism and their genetic, neural, and clinical profiles.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Computational mechanisms of perception in autism revealed using games inspired by rodent operant tasks.Science advances · 2026Article
- Defective EV-mediated transport of SHH alters neural fate specification in EPM1 epilepsy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Complementary vertebrateeLife · 2026Article
- Increased encoding of aversive stimuli by lateral habenula neurons during ΔNature communications · 2026Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Through the Lens of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) Applied to Resting-State fMRI (rs-fMRI): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Excitation/Inhibition Balance as a Mechanistic Link Between Sleep Disturbance and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Bidirectional Framework.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Review
- Elevation of HNeuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Envisioning Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Biased Signaling as a Therapeutic Target for Schizophrenia.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
532 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In 2003 Rubenstein and Merzenich hypothesized that some forms of Autism (ASD) might be caused by a reduction in signal-to-noise in key neural circuits, which could be the result of changes in excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) balance. Here, we have clarified the concept of E-I balance, and updated the original hypothesis in light of the field's increasingly sophisticated understanding of neuronal circuits. We discuss how specific developmental mechanisms, which reduce inhibition, affect cortical and hippocampal functions. After describing how mutations of some ASD genes disrupt inhibition in mice, we close by suggesting that E-I balance represents an organizing framework for understanding findings related to pathophysiology and for identifying appropriate treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.