Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31088459›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2019

Attitudes and practices of community pharmacists and barriers to their participation in public health activities in Yemen: mind the gap.

Seena A Yousuf, Mohammed Alshakka, Wafa F S Badulla, Heyam Saad Ali, P Ravi Shankar, Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Seena A YousufSocial Medicine and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Aden University, Aden, Yemen.
Mohammed AlshakkaSection of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aden University, Aden, Yemen. alshakka400@gmail.com.
Wafa F S BadullaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aden University, Aden, Yemen.
Heyam Saad AliDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
P Ravi ShankarDepartment of Pharmacology, Health City University, Gros Islet, Saint Lucia.
Mohamed Izham Mohamed IbrahimDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
University of Aden · YEDubai Pharmacy College · AEQatar University · QA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients in Yemen commonly visit community pharmacies to obtain consultation or treatment for common ailments. Community pharmacists have an opportunity to optimize medication use and improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and practices of community pharmacists regarding their participation in public health activities and barriers to their participation in these activities.

methodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out among community pharmacists working in pharmacies located in urban areas of the Aden governorate of Yemen from March to June 2017 using a self-administered questionnaire. We selected pharmacies from a line list using proportional sampling according to the number of pharmacies in the urban areas of each district. The questionnaire contained four sections: demographic characteristics, attitudes, practices, and barriers encountered. Data were analyzed descriptively, and the Chi-square test was used for analyzing the association of variables (alpha = 0.05).

resultsThe questionnaire was distributed to 200 community pharmacists working in community pharmacies. Of the 200 respondents, 62% (n = 124) were male. Overall, the mean age (sd) was 30.0 years (8.6) with the number of years of work experience between 2 and 9.9 years (n = 158, 79%). On average, 62.3% of the pharmacists had a positive attitude toward participation in public health activities. Providing education to stop tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol drinking and improve oral hygiene was an important activity of the community pharmacists. Blood pressure measurements (86%, n = 172) and glucose tests (45%, n = 90) were commonly conducted for clients. Lack of time (71%, n = 142) and lack of teamwork (70%, n = 140) were mentioned as common barriers to participation in public health activities.

conclusionsCommunity pharmacists had a positive attitude toward public health activities. Health education and routine health tests were important practices of the community pharmacists. Barriers need to be overcome to enable more active participation by community pharmacists in public health activities by consulting with all stakeholders, assessing the situation, considering alternatives and taking action.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelPublic HealthAdultCommunity Pharmacy ServicesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePharmacistsSurveys and QuestionnairesYemenCognitive servicesCommunity pharmaciesExtended servicesHealth educationHealth outcomesPublic healthYemen

Identifiers

PMID31088459
PMCPMC6515656
OpenAlexW2947797258

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.