ArticleeLife2019
A 3D culture model of innervated human skeletal muscle enables studies of the adult neuromuscular junction.
Article in eLife, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 268 citations in OpenAlex.
- Building on a Solid Foundation: Adding Relevance and Reproducibility to Neurological Modeling Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Integrating and Orchestrating Multiple Components of Skeletal Muscle Injury and Regeneration.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Quantitative Analysis of Axonal Degeneration and TDP-43 Aggregation in Compartmentalized Human iPSC-Derived Motor Neuron-Myotube Co-cultures.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Manufacturing, Cell Regulation, and Coculture Strategies for Vascularization and Neural Innervation of Skeletal Muscle Tissue.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Using human 3D organoid models to gain mechanistic insight in motor neuron diseases.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Modular Tissue-Engineered Motor Units Featuring Spinal Motor Neurons Innervating Self-Assembled Myofiber Bundles.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Article
- A human iPSC-derived 3D spinal cord organoid model to study radiation-induced neural injury.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Article
- Systemic regeneration medicines for muscular dystrophy: progress and challenges in pro-regenerative drug development.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2026Review
- Complement C3 inhibition restores myasthenia gravis AChR antibody-mediated muscle pathophysiology.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- 3D skeletal muscle model recapitulating the myostatin knockout phenotypic and mitochondrial metabolic features.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Three-dimensional models of skeletal muscle under tension: a systematic review and core outcome set.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- A 3D skeletal muscle system for disease modelling and secretome profiling of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Skeletal muscle · 2026Article
- Commitment to Myogenic Differentiation Significantly Aggravates the RNA Phenotype in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.Neuropathology and applied neurobiology · 2026Article
- AKT Signaling Regulates Agrin-Mediated Acetylcholine Receptor Surface Density.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Conductive MXene/adECM hydrogel promotes skeletal muscle regeneration and innervation through CaJournal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Bioengineered Constructs as a Tissue Engineering-Based Therapy for Volumetric Muscle Loss.Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews · 2026Review
- Heart-On-a-Chip with Integrated Ultrasoft Mechanosensors for Continuous Measurement of Cell- and Tissue-Scale Contractile Stresses.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Engineering 3D neural models of neurodegeneration: the Neural Microenvironment Design Code (NMDC), design principles, and emerging new approach methodologies.NAM journal · 2026Review
- Neuromuscular junction formation by compartmentalized culture using human iPS cell-derived motor neurons and skeletal muscle cells.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2026Article
- Toward system-level integration of organoids for regenerative medicine.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) human skeletal muscle fiber cultures are ill-equipped to support the contractile properties of maturing muscle fibers. This limits their application to the study of adult human neuromuscular junction (NMJ) development, a process requiring maturation of muscle fibers in the presence of motor neuron endplates. Here we describe a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture method whereby human muscle progenitors mixed with human pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons self-organize to form functional NMJ connections. Functional connectivity between motor neuron endplates and muscle fibers is confirmed with calcium imaging and electrophysiological recordings. Notably, we only observed epsilon acetylcholine receptor subunit protein upregulation and activity in 3D co-cultures. Further, 3D co-culture treatments with myasthenia gravis patient sera shows the ease of studying human disease with the system. Hence, this work offers a simple method to model and evaluate adult human NMJ de novo development or disease in culture.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.