ArticlePloS one2019
Time distortion under threat: Sympathetic arousal predicts time distortion only in the context of negative, highly arousing stimuli.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Physiological Arousal and Its Effects on Time Perception: A Systematic Review.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive sciencePooled it
- Training the brain to time: the effect of neurofeedback of SMR-Beta1 rhythm on time perception in healthy adults.Experimental brain research · 2022Trial
- Cardiac Autonomic Dynamics Differentially Shape Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind: Evidence From Respiratory Manipulation.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Psychobiological and Metabolic Correlates of Time Perception in Humans: An Exploratory Study.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Making sense of the extraordinary - An investigation of the content and prevalence of appraisals of nonordinary experiences.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Subjective Time in Ordinary and Non-ordinary States of Consciousness: How Interoceptive Feelings Inform Us About the Passage of Time.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Cardiac-Sympathetic Contractility and Neural Alpha-Band Power: Cross-Modal Collaboration during Approach-Avoidance Conflict.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Anticipation of sexually arousing visual event leads to overestimation of elapsed time.PloS one · 2024Article
- Distortions to Passage of Time Judgements (POTJ) due to virtual threat are predicted by autonomic activation.PloS one · 2024Article
- Time perception and pain: Can a temporal illusion reduce the intensity of pain?Learning & behavior · 2023Article
- Time Estimation or Autonomic Heart Rate Regulation: Which Mechanism Is More Sensitive in the Development of Internet Addiction in Adolescents?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The psychophysiological mechanisms of real-world time experience.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Influence of Motor and Cognitive Tasks on Time Estimation.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- The effect of pain on reference memory for duration.Psychological research · 2022Article
- Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16-17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Intention to Conceal Does Not Always Affect Time Perception.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Sympathetic Allostasis During Value-Based Ambivalence.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Spread of the Lengthening Time Effect of Emotions in Memory: A Test in the Setting of the Central Tendency Effect.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Sympathetic involvement in time-constrained sequential foraging.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Theoretical models of time perception suggest a simple bottom-up relationship between physiological arousal and perceived duration. Increases in physiological arousal lengthen the perceived duration of events whereas decreases in physiological arousal reduce them. Whilst this relationship has been demonstrated for highly arousing negatively valenced stimuli, it has not been demonstrated for other classes of distorting stimuli (e.g. positively valenced or low arousal stimuli). The current study tested the effect of valence (positive and negative) and arousal level (high and low) on the relationship between physiological arousal and perceived duration. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) activity was measured during a verbal estimation task in which participants judged the duration of high and low arousal, positive, negative and neutrally valenced IAPS images. SNS and PSNS activity were indexed by measuring Pre-Ejection Period (PEP) and High Frequency Heart-rate Variability (HF-HRV) respectively. SNS reactivity was predicative of perceived duration, but only for high arousal negatively valenced stimuli, with decreases in PEP being associated with longer duration estimates. SNS and PSNS activity was not predictive of perceived duration for the low arousal negative stimuli or the low and high arousal positive stimuli. We therefore propose a new model suggesting that emotional distortions to time result from a combination of bottom-up (physiological arousal) and top-down (threat detection) factors.
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