ReviewThe lancet. HIV2019
Taking stock of the present and looking ahead: envisioning challenges in the design of future HIV prevention efficacy trials.
Review in The lancet. HIV, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- High HIV incidence among young women in South Africa: Data from a large prospective study.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Incorporating oral PrEP into standard prevention services for South African women: a nested interrupted time-series study.The lancet. HIV · 2021Trial
- Integrating oral PrEP delivery among African women in a large HIV endpoint-driven clinical trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Trial
- Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine: Promise and Challenges.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Study design approaches for future active-controlled HIV prevention trials.Statistical communications in infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Testing for treatment effect twice using internal and external controls in clinical trials.Journal of causal inference · 2023Article
- Feasibility of conducting HIV prevention trials among key populations in Nairobi, Kenya.BMC public health · 2022Observational
- Developing tuberculosis vaccines for people with HIV: consensus statements from an international expert panel.The lancet. HIV · 2022Review
- Exploring the Use of Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among Women from Durban, South Africa as Part of the HIV Prevention Package in a Clinical Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Design and analysis considerations for a sequentially randomized HIV prevention trial.Statistics in biosciences · 2020Article
- Designing HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials in the Context of Highly Effective Non-vaccine Prevention Modalities.Statistics in biosciences · 2020Article
- A Bayesian averted infection framework for PrEP trials with low numbers of HIV infections: application to the results of the DISCOVER trial.The lancet. HIV · 2020Review
- The Connection between the Averted Infections Ratio and the Rate Ratio in Active-control Trials of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Agents.Statistical communications in infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the recent success of antiretrovirals for HIV prevention, additional, more effective, or more acceptable biomedical interventions will ultimately be needed to end the HIV epidemic. Designing clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of new products that reduce HIV infection risk is challenging because of the existence of highly effective interventions to prevent HIV. However, the implementation of these interventions is uneven, and the fact that multiple HIV prevention efficacy trials are currently evaluating new products means the field confronts uncertainty in the emerging standard of prevention. In this Viewpoint, we take stock of the current state of HIV prevention, and subsequently discuss the key challenges in designing future trials to evaluate the next generation of HIV prevention products. We also highlight gaps in the knowledge base that need to be addressed to advance the design of research. Future trials are tenable, even in the context of existing and effective interventions, and should involve careful statistical approaches and multidisciplinary collaborative design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.