ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2019
Computational fluid dynamic analysis of aggressive turbinate reductions: is it a culprit of empty nose syndrome?
Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-based approaches for Empty Nose Syndrome management: a systematic review highlighting current treatments and future directions.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Pooled it
- Airflow Characteristics of Empty Nose Syndrome: Insights From Patient-Specific Computational Modeling of Airflow Distribution Patterns and Nasal Air-Conditioning.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Inferior Turbinate Preservation Surgery: Surgical Strategies to Prevent Empty Nose Syndrome.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Unique Features of Nasal Airway and Airflow Improvement Post-Dupilumab: A Computational Cohort Study.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Cluster Analysis of Patients With Empty Nose Syndrome and Its Relation to Surgical Outcome.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Does Total Inferior and Middle Turbinectomy Always Lead to Empty Nose Syndrome?Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Nasal Air-Jet Sensitivity Differentiates Empty Nose Syndrome and Turbinate Reduction Patients: A Pilot Study.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Does Total Turbinectomy Always Lead to Empty Nose Syndrome? A Computational Virtual Surgery Study.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Implications of Intranasal Trigeminal Nerve Function on the Surgical Management of Nasal Obstruction.ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties · 2025Review
- Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Identifying Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evidence of Nasal Cooling and Sensory Impairments Driving Patient Symptoms With Septal Deviation.The Laryngoscope · 2022Article
- Inferior meatus augmentation procedure (IMAP) normalizes nasal airflow patterns in empty nose syndrome patients via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2021Article
- The cotton test redistributes nasal airflow in patients with empty nose syndrome.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2020Article
- Characterization of the Airflow within an Average Geometry of the Healthy Human Nasal Cavity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) remains highly controversial, with aggressive inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) or mucociliary dysfunction frequently implicated. However, the appropriate degree of ITR is highly debatable.
methodsWe applied individual computed tomography (CT)-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to 5 patients receiving relatively aggressive ITR but with no ENS symptoms, and compared them to 27 symptomatic ENS patients who all had histories of aggressive ITRs, and 42 healthy controls. Patients' surgical outcomes were confirmed with 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) (ITR: 6.40 ± 4.56; ENS: 58.2 ± 15.9; healthy: 13.2 ± 14.9), Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores (ITR: 4.00 ± 2.24; ENS: 69.4 ± 17.1; healthy: 11.9 ± 12.9), and Empty Nose Syndrome 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q) (≥11 for ENS).
resultsBoth aggressive ITR without ENS symptoms and symptomatic ENS patients had significantly lower nasal resistance (ITR: 0.059 ± 0.020 Pa·s/mL; ENS: 0.052 ± 0.015 Pa·s/mL; healthy: 0.070 ± 0.021 Pa·s/mL) and higher cross-sectional areas surrounding the inferior turbinate (ITR: 0.94 ± 0.21 cm
conclusionAlthough turbinate tissue loss is linked with ENS, the degree of ITR that might distinguish postoperative patient satisfaction in their nasal breathing vs development of ENS symptoms is unclear. Our results suggest that a combination of distorted nasal aerodynamics and loss of mucosal sensory function may potentially lead to ENS symptomology.
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