ReviewJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2020
Where Is Dopamine and how do Immune Cells See it?: Dopamine-Mediated Immune Cell Function in Health and Disease.
Review in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 287 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spa therapy and peripheral serotonin and dopamine function: a systematic review.International journal of biometeorology · 2024Pooled it
- Gastrointestinal Dopamine in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Dopamine alters macrophage metabolism promoting intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Peptide IRW upregulates ACE2 in spontaneously hypertensive rats via dopamine/D1R signaling pathway.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Identification of Potential Bioactive Compounds in Strong-Flavor-Type Baijiu via Integration of Widely Targeted Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- It's Not Rewarding for Mitochondria: Dopamine-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction Activates cGAS-STING to Drive IL-6 Secretion in Macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Electrochemical Sensing of Dopamine with P-g-CBiosensors · 2026Article
- Morphological Changes in PEDOT:PSS under Electrolytes, Dopamine, and PEG-400 Exposure: A Molecular Simulation Perspective.Macromolecules · 2026Article
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Dopamine: The Essential Bridge Mediating Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hippocampus-Dependent Learning and Memory Impairments.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Review
- Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammation by Dopamine in Primary Human Macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Maternal obesity and inadequate gestational weight gain disrupts placental dopaminergic signaling: impact on infant neurodevelopment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Cross-species transcriptomic evidence for peripheral-central immune crosstalk in atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Distinct roles of dopamine receptors in HIV latency reversal in a myeloid cell model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic regulation of inflammation by dopamine in primary human macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- In vivo Effects of Acute Inflammatory Responses on Dopaminergic Receptor Expression in Leukocytes and Marginal Effects of Hypoxia Pretreatment.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Article
- High dopamine impairs early neuronal identity and morphology in human hippocampal progenitor cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitter signaling in molecular and behavioral immune responses to pathogens inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Regulation of glial markers expression in the rat basolateral amygdala and hippocampus during morphine aversive memory retrieval and its extinction.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Self-Assembly of 3D-Printed Multiscale Micropillar-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Ultrasensitive Dopamine Sensing.ACS nano · 2025Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has also shown that dopamine acts as an important regulator of immune function. Many immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopamine related proteins, enabling them to actively respond to dopamine and suggesting that dopaminergic immunoregulation is an important part of proper immune function. A detailed understanding of the physiological concentrations of dopamine in specific regions of the human body, particularly in peripheral systems, is critical to the development of hypotheses and experiments examining the effects of physiologically relevant dopamine concentrations on immune cells. Unfortunately, the dopamine concentrations to which these immune cells would be exposed in different anatomical regions are not clear. To address this issue, this comprehensive review details the current information regarding concentrations of dopamine found in both the central nervous system and in many regions of the periphery. In addition, we discuss the immune cells present in each region, and how these could interact with dopamine in each compartment described. Finally, the review briefly addresses how changes in these dopamine concentrations could influence immune cell dysfunction in several disease states including Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, as well as the collection of pathologies, cognitive and motor symptoms associated with HIV infection in the central nervous system, known as NeuroHIV. These data will improve our understanding of the interactions between the dopaminergic and immune systems during both homeostatic function and in disease, clarify the effects of existing dopaminergic drugs and promote the creation of new therapeutic strategies based on manipulating immune function through dopaminergic signaling. Graphical Abstract.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.