ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2019
Validation of the Hemifacial Spasm Grading Scale: a clinical tool for hemifacial spasm.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Early Risk Stratification and Time-to-Cure Analysis in Patients with Residual Hemifacial Spasm After Microvascular Decompression.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- The other Babinski sign in Hemifacial Spasm: a clinical marker of severity and its predictive association with η-like vA-PICA compression.Annals of medicine · 2025Observational
- Efficacy of isolated periocular botulinum toxin A injections versus periocular and adjunctive lower facial injections in hemifacial spasm: a randomized, controlled, noninferiority, crossover trial.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring Facial Nucleus-Centered Connectivity in Hemifacial Spasm: Novel Insights into Pathogenesis and Surgical Impact.Brain topography · 2025Article
- From spasms to smiles: how facial recognition and tracking can quantify hemifacial spasm severity and predict treatment outcomes.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Objective demonstration of eyelid spasm relief with smartphone and custom software in hemifacial spasm patients.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Interrater reliability of motor severity scales for hemifacial spasm.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Article
- 3D slicer-based calculation of hematoma irregularity index for predicting hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- Review
- Is the pre-operative lateral spread response on facial electromyography a valid diagnostic tool for hemifacial spasm?Neurosurgical review · 2021Article
- Validation of a new hemifacial spasm grading questionnaire (HFS score) assessing clinical and quality of life parameters.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Article
- Clinical RoPE (cRoPE) score predicts patent foramen ovale detection among stroke patients: a multicenter observational study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Observational
- Evaluation of botulinum toxin effects in hemifacial spasm patients: correlation between clinical rating scales and high-speed video system measurements.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2020Article
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10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo create an objective rating tool for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and validate it on a cohort of patients.
methodsA panel of movement disorders specialists elaborated, through the Delphi method, the Hemifacial Spasm Grading Scale (HSGS). The validity of the scale was tested in a longitudinal, prospective observational study, with standardized video recording protocol before and after botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatment. The video recordings obtained from each patient were then independently assessed with HSGS by three blinded raters. The scale was compared to patient-reported HFS-7 scale and to the clinical grading of spasm intensity scale.
resultsIntra-rater reproducibility ranged between ICC 0.73 (95% CI = 0.54-0.86) and 0.83 (0.68-0.92) and inter-rater reproducibility between 0.62 (95% CI = 0.44-0.77) and 0.82 (0.69-0.90). HSGS scores correlated with clinical grading of spasm intensity scale scores, but not with HFS-7. HSGS confirmed BoNT efficacy, with scores lowering at 1 month from treatment.
conclusionsHSGS represents an objective, quick and reliable scale for the assessment of HFS, and might be useful to monitor BoNT treatment efficacy over time.
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