ArticleScientific reports2019
PA-X antagonises MAVS-dependent accumulation of early type I interferon messenger RNAs during influenza A virus infection.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impaired host shutoff is a fitness cost associated with baloxavir marboxil resistance mutations in influenza A virus PA/PA-X nuclease domain.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Dual roles for influenza A protein PA-X: limiting inflammatory response and disrupting MHC I antigen presentation in human respiratory epithelium.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- T Cell Responses to Influenza Infections in Cattle.Viruses · 2025Review
- PA and PA-X: two key proteins from segment 3 of the influenza viruses.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Virus versus host: influenza A virus circumvents the immune responses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Cut site preference allows influenza A virus PA-X to discriminate between host and viral mRNAs.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Strategies of Influenza A Virus to Ensure the Translation of Viral mRNAs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- PA-X protein of H1N1 subtype influenza virus disables the nasal mucosal dendritic cells for strengthening virulence.Virulence · 2022Article
- Roles of RNA Sensors in Host Innate Response to Influenza Virus and Coronavirus Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Review
- Pleiotropic Effects of Influenza H1, H3, and B Baloxavir-Resistant Substitutions on Replication, Sensitivity to Baloxavir, and Interferon Expression.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Minding the message: tactics controlling RNA decay, modification, and translation in virus-infected cells.Genes & development · 2022Review
- Accessory Gene Products of Influenza A Virus.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Increased lethality in influenza and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection is prevented by influenza immunity but not SARS-CoV-2 immunity.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Article
- The influenza A virus host shutoff factor PA-X is rapidly turned over in a strain-specific manner.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Impact of Individual Viral Gene Segments from Influenza A/H5N8 Virus on the Protective Efficacy of Inactivated Subtype-Specific Influenza Vaccine.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- PA-X is an avian virulence factor in H9N2 avian influenza virus.The Journal of general virology · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Suppresses ACE2 and Type I Interferon Expression in Primary Cells From Macaque Lung Bronchoalveolar Lavage.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The sensing of viral nucleic acids by the innate immune system activates a potent antiviral response in the infected cell, a key component of which is the expression of genes encoding type I interferons (IFNs). Many viruses counteract this response by blocking the activation of host nucleic acid sensors. The evolutionarily conserved influenza A virus (IAV) protein PA-X has been implicated in suppressing the host response to infection, including the expression of type I IFNs. Here, we characterise this further using a PA-X-deficient virus of the mouse-adapted PR8 strain to study activation of the innate immune response in a mouse model of the early response to viral infection. We show that levels of Ifna4 and Ifnb1 mRNAs in the lungs of infected mice were elevated in the absence of PA-X and that this was completely dependent on MAVS. This therefore suggests a role for PA-X in preventing the accumulation of early type I IFN mRNAs in the lung during IAV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.