ReviewTuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)2019
The pathogenesis of post-primary tuberculosis. A game changer for vaccine development.
Review in Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Single-cell and spatial profiling highlights TB-induced myofibroblasts as drivers of lung pathology.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Evaluating the Sensitivity of Different Molecular Techniques for DetectingPolish journal of microbiology · 2023Article
- Animal models for COVID-19 and tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Early Lesion of Post-Primary Tuberculosis: Subclinical Driver of Disease and Target for Vaccines and Host-Directed Therapies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Vaccination with BCGΔBCG1419c protects against pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB and is safer than BCG.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Polyurethane-functionalized starch nanocrystals as anti-tuberculosis drug carrier.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Recent Advances in the Development of Protein- and Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccines against Tuberculosis.Cells · 2020Review
- The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis-The Koch Phenomenon Reinstated.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Multidrug-resistant strains ofVeterinary world · 2020Article
- Commentary: Group 3 innate lymphoid cells mediate early protective immunity against tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Relevance of the Warburg Effect in Tuberculosis for Host-Directed Therapy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Tuberculosis Vaccine Development: Progress in Clinical Evaluation.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A vaccine that prevents transmission of infection is urgently needed in the fight against tuberculosis (TB). Results of clinical trials have been disappointing. Major problems include lack of biomarkers and understanding of the mechanisms of disease and protection. A more fundamental problem is that the scientific community seldom recognizes that primary and post-primary TB are distinct disease entities. Nearly all vaccine candidates have been designed and tested in models of primary TB, while transmission of infection is mediated by post-primary TB. Post-primary TB is seldom studied because no animal develop complete symptoms of the disease as it exists in humans. Nevertheless, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits all develop infections that at certain points appear to be models of human post-primary TB. Slowly progressive pulmonary TB in immunocompetent mice is an example. It is characterized by an alveolitis with infected foamy macrophages that have multiple characteristics of the human disease. We demonstrated that inclusion of an immune modulating agent, lactoferrin, with a BCG vaccine in this model induced a sustained reduction in lung pathology, but not numbers of organisms in tissue. Since the animals die of expanding pathology, this demonstrates the feasibility of using selected animal models for studies of vaccines against post-primary TB.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.