ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2019
White matter microstructure and cognitive outcomes in relation to neonatal inflammation in 6-year-old children born preterm.
Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in school-aged preterm infants: A systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- The causal relationship between immune cells, white matter microstructure and dementia: a Mendelian randomization study and co-localization analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Protein epigenetic scores derived in neonatal saliva as biomarkers of childhood cognition.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Functional connectivity patterns as an early indicator of later very early preterm outcomes.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Reading and White Matter Development: A Systematic Review of Neuroplastic Changes in Literacy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Brain tissue microstructure in a prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort of preterm and term-born young adults.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Skin-to-skin holding in relation to white matter connectivity in infants born preterm.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Brain volume and neurodevelopment at 13 years following sepsis in very preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Listening to mom in the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized trial of increased maternal speech exposure on white matter connectivity in infants born preterm.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Structural connectome gradients and their relationship to IQ in childhood.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Socioemotional Outcomes of Children Born Very Preterm.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Chronic Inflammation Offers Hints About Viable Therapeutic Targets for Preeclampsia and Potentially Related Offspring Sequelae.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Neonatal inflammation and near-term white matter microstructure in infants born very preterm.Neuroimage. Reports · 2024Article
- Mapping prenatal predictors and neurobehavioral outcomes of an epigenetic marker of neonatal inflammation - A longitudinal population-based study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Perinatal influences on academic achievement and the developing brain: a scoping systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation may benefit from the addition of N-acetylcysteine to facilitate motor learning in infants of diabetic mothers failing oral feeds.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Higher Dose Noninvasive Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Increases Feeding Volumes and White Matter Microstructural Complexity in Open-Label Study of Infants Slated for Gastrostomy Tube.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Association of Brain Microstructure and Functional Connectivity With Cognitive Outcomes and Postnatal Growth Among Early School-Aged Children Born With Extremely Low Birth Weight.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Neuroimaging of brain connectivity related to reading outcomes in children born preterm: A critical narrative review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Quantitative MRI Characterization of the Extremely Preterm Brain at Adolescence: Atypical versus Neurotypical Developmental Pathways.Radiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive outcomes in preterm (PT) children have been associated with microstructural properties of white matter. PT children who experienced neonatal inflammatory conditions have poorer cognitive outcomes than those who did not. The goal of this study was to contrast white matter microstructure and cognitive outcomes after preterm birth in relation to the presence or absence of severe inflammatory conditions in the neonatal period.
methodsPT children (n = 35), born at gestational age 22-32 weeks, were classified as either PT+ (n = 12) based on a neonatal history of inflammatory conditions, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis or culture positive sepsis, or PT- (n = 23) based on the absence of the three inflammatory conditions. Full term (FT) children (n = 43) served as controls. Participants underwent diffusion MRI and cognitive testing (intelligence, reading, and executive function) at age 6 years. The corpus callosum was segmented into 7 regions using deterministic tractography and based on the cortical projection zones of the callosal fibers. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated for each segment. General linear models with planned contrasts assessed group differences in FA, MD and cognitive outcomes. Pearson correlations assessed associations of white matter metrics and cognitive outcome measures.
resultsFA was significantly lower and MD was significantly higher in PT+ compared to PT- or FT groups in multiple callosal segments, even after adjusting for gestational age. Executive function scores, but not intelligence or reading scores, were less favorable in PT+ than in PT- groups. Among the entire sample, occipital FA was significantly correlated with IQ (r = 0.25, p < 0.05), reading (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), and executive function (r = -0.28, p < 0.05) measures. Anterior frontal FA and superior parietal FA were significantly correlated with executive function (r = -0.25, r = 0.23, respectively, p < 0.05).
conclusionsWe observed differences in the white matter microstructure of the corpus callosum and in the cognitive skills of 6-year-old PT children based on their history of neonatal inflammation. Neonatal inflammation is one medical factor that may contribute to variation in long-term neurobiological and neuropsychological outcomes in PT samples.
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