ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2019
Malaria Burden through Routine Reporting: Relationship between Incidence and Test Positivity Rates.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Malaria Test Positivity Outcomes and Programme Interventions in Low Transmission Settings in Southern Africa, 2000-2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Positive tests are all alike, every negative test is negative in its own way: lack of confidence in negative malaria rapid diagnostic tests in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Accuracy of recording and reporting of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Spatio-temporal modelling of routine health facility data for malaria risk micro-stratification in mainland Tanzania.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Relationships between test positivity rate, total laboratory confirmed cases of malaria, and malaria incidence in high burden settings of Uganda: an ecological analysis.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- A cross-country database of COVID-19 testing.Scientific data · 2020Article
- Association between the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections detected by passive surveillance and the magnitude of the asymptomatic reservoir in the community: a pooled analysis of paired health facility and community data.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Practical Implications of a Relationship between Health Management Information System and Community Cohort-Based Malaria Incidence Rates.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Routine data for malaria morbidity estimation in Africa: challenges and prospects.BMC medicine · 2020Article
- Descriptive study of COVID-19 outbreak among passengers and crew on Diamond Princess cruise ship, Yokohama Port, Japan, 20 January to 9 February 2020.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2020Article
- Sub-national stratification of malaria risk in mainland Tanzania: a simplified assembly of survey and routine data.Malaria journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Test positivity rate (TPR)-confirmed cases per 100 suspected cases tested, and test-confirmed malaria case rate (IR)-cases per 1,000 population, are common indicators used routinely for malaria surveillance. However, few studies have explored relationships between these indicators over time and space. We studied the relationship between these indicators in children aged < 11 years presenting with suspected malaria to the outpatient departments of level IV health centers in Nagongera, Kihihi, and Walukuba in Uganda from October 2011 to June 2016. We evaluated trends in indicators over time and space, and explored associations using multivariable regression models. Overall, 65,710 participants visited the three clinics. Pairwise comparisons of TPR and IR by month showed similar trends, particularly for TPRs < 50% and during low-transmission seasons, but by village, the relationship was complex. Village mean annual TPRs remained constant, whereas IRs drastically declined with increasing distance from the health center. Villages that were furthest away from the health centers (fourth quartile for distance) had significantly lower IRs than nearby villages (first quartile), with an incidence rate ratio of 0.40 in Nagongera (95% CI: 0.23-0.63;
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