ArticleJournal of nutrition and metabolism2019
Highlighting of Urinary Sodium and Potassium among Indonesian Schoolchildren Aged 9-12 Years: The Contribution of School Food.
Article in Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potassium intake is associated with nutritional quality and actual diet cost: a study at formulating a low sodium high potassium (LSHP) healthy diet.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Trial
- Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake: Data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Sodium and Potassium Excretion of Schoolchildren and Relationship with Their Family Excretion in China.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Salt intake and blood pressure in Iranian children and adolescents: a population-based study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSodium (Na) and potassium (K), the essential nutrients, have vital role in promoting cellular growth including growth and development of children. Excessive Na intake and inadequate K consumption, which consequently increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, have been reported. Spot electrolyte urine was highly correlated and validated with gold standard to estimate electrolyte dietary intake. This study aimed at predicting sodium and potassium intake using morning spot urine among Indonesian schoolchildren.
methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in 155 healthy elementary students aged 9-12 years. Spot urine samples were collected and analyzed for Na, K, and creatinine. Predicted 24 h Na and K excretions were compared to the Indonesian recommendation dietary allowances. The Na and K contribution from school food was reported by observing directly and the dietary recall method.
resultsA total of 80 boys and 75 girls recruited as samples in this study demonstrated that their estimated urinary Na and K were 105.42 ± 66.05 mmol/day and 16.39 ± 12.57 mmol/day, respectively. Na intake was on average higher than recommended; meanwhile, almost all subjects showed very low compliance of K intake recommendation. Furthermore, food intake at school contributed to those conditions. Na and K content of school food contributed 33% and 29% of the daily intake of each nutrient and contributed 125% and 25% higher than the Na and K school standard, respectively.
conclusionsIndonesian schoolchildren aged 9-12 years are categorized by excessive Na intake and very deficient K intake. The present study highlights the need for policies in the environmental school setting to reduce Na intake and K intake.
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