ArticleJournal of ophthalmology2019
Extracellular MMP-9-Based Assessment of Ocular Surface Inflammation in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.
Article in Journal of ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the use of prostaglandin analogues and ocular surface disease: a systematic review.Eye (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- A prospective, randomized study comparing the effects of preservative-free latanoprost and preserved latanoprost eyedrops on MMP-9 expression and ocular surface disease index in glaucoma patients.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Utilization of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Point-of-Care Immunoassay for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Evaluation in Glaucoma Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Real-Time and Highly Sensitive Detection of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in Tears Using Aptamer Functionalized Electrolyte-Gated IGZO Thin-Film Transistors.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Network-based hub biomarker discovery for glaucoma.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- A Preservative-Free Approach - Effects on Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms After Cataract Surgery.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Latanoprost PF vs. Bimatoprost PF: Which Treats the Ocular Surface Better?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Development and validation of a multiplex electrochemiluminescence immunoassay to evaluate dry eye disease in rat tear fluids.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- New Biomarker Combination Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Pilot Study of a Panel of Ocular Inflammation Biomarkers in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Novel point-of-care biomarkers of the dry anophthalmic socket syndrome: tear film osmolarity and matrix metalloproteinase 9 immunoassay.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Metalloproteinase-9 in the ocular surface of patients with implanted Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis.Cornea open · 2023Article
- Implantation of XEN gel stent in a patient with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Glaucoma and Dry Eye Disease: Opportunity to Assess and Treat.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- Matrix Metalloproteinases and Glaucoma.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Elevation of Tear MMP-9 Concentration as a Biomarker of Inflammation in Ocular Pathology by Antibody Microarray Immunodetection Assays.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Role of Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors on Ocular Diseases: Focusing on Potential Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeObjective assessment of dry eye disease (DED) severity and ocular inflammation using the InflammaDry® test for extracellular matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the impact of antiglaucoma eye drops in people with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
methodsOverall, 90 adults (180 eyes) were included: 60 had been diagnosed with POAG and were treated with prostaglandin analogue monotherapy and 30 were suspected of having POAG but did not receive any treatment (control group). Of those treated with prostaglandin eye drops, 30 received a preservative-free formulation (tafluprost) and 30 were treated with a formulation containing the preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAK) (latanoprost). Measurement of extracellular MMP-9 levels (InflammaDry test) provided a marker for ocular surface inflammation. Further assessments of disease severity and inflammation comprised Goldmann applanation tonometry for intraocular pressure (IOP), Schirmer's test with anesthesia, ocular surface staining with unpreserved fluorescein (Oxford scale index), tear breakup time (TBUT), McMonnies questionnaire, and the Ocular Surface Disease index (OSDI).
resultsClinically significant MMP-9 levels (>40 ng/mL) were detected in tear film from 46.7% of subjects treated with BAK-containing medication. In contrast, only 16.7% of subjects treated with preservative-free medication or untreated individuals demonstrated similar MMP-9 levels. This difference was statistically significant (
conclusionMeasurement of ocular surface MMP-9 level provides a useful marker for inflammation and DED in POAG. Use of a preservative-free topical prostaglandin formulation results in lower levels of ocular inflammation, compared with BAK-containing medication.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.