ArticleBlood advances2019
Childhood use of antimicrobials and risk of Hodgkin lymphoma: a Danish register-based cohort study.
Article in Blood advances, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk of infectious mononucleosis is not associated with prior infection morbidity.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobials use and infection hospital contacts as proxies of infection exposure at ages 0-2 years and risk of infectious mononucleosis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association between medically diagnosed postnatal infection and childhood cancers: A matched case-control study in Denmark, 1978 to 2016.International journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Bimodal Age Distribution in Cancer Incidence.World journal of oncology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The peculiar bimodal age distribution of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), together with other epidemiological findings, inspired the so-called "late infection hypothesis" in the 1970s. Under this model, HL in young adults is caused by delayed infection with a relatively common agent, with HL risk increasing with age at infection. We time-dependently tallied prescriptions filled, for a broad spectrum of antimicrobials, at age 0 to 9 years for all Danish HL patients diagnosed in 1997 to 2015 at age 10 to 25 years (n = 296) and up to 10 controls for each of these, individually matched for sex and birthdate (n = 2688). Antimicrobial use was taken as a proxy for general infectious disease pressure. Analyses were also stratified by the 2 main histological subtypes: nodular sclerosis HL (NSHL) (n = 206) and mixed cellularity HL (MCHL) (n = 47). We compared antimicrobial use at ages 0 to 9 years between cases and comparators using stratified Cox regressions with repeated follow-up for a next prescription, to produce hazard ratios (HRs) of antimicrobial use according to (future) HL status. Reverse causation was mitigated by disregarding risk time <2 years before HL (pseudo)diagnosis. Analyses were adjusted for number of older and younger siblings. NSHL patients had received statistically significantly fewer antimicrobials than comparators early in life (HR
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