ArticleBrain and behavior2019
Changes in functional outcome over five years after stroke.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk prediction models for discharge disposition in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of robot-assisted gait training on improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients: a meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Pooled it
- Intense Arm Rehabilitation Therapy Improves the Modified Rankin Scale Score: Association Between Gains in Impairment and Function.Neurology · 2021Trial
- Five-Year Changes in Physical and Cognitive Function in Individuals with Chronic Stroke: An Ambispective Cohort Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Determinants of cardiopulmonary fitness in individuals poststroke: based on quantile regression analysis.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Functional outcomes post-stroke: Evidence from private rehabilitation facilities in South Africa between 2006 and 2023.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- The Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling Pipeline: MATLAB-based model personalization and treatment optimization functionality for OpenSim.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Changes in functional outcome after a first-time stroke: Data from a longitudinal study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prestroke Physical Activity Matters for Functional Limitations: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study of 12,860 Participants.Physical therapy · 2024Article
- Caregiver burden after stroke: a 10-year follow-up study of Polish caregivers for stroke patients.BMC nursing · 2024Article
- Factors influencing the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction who received usual care: a multicenter prospective cohort study.Journal of physical therapy science · 2024Article
- Community integration and its predictors in people with stroke: a multicenter longitudinal study.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Observational
- Pre-stroke physical activity matters for functional limitations: A longitudinal case-control study of 12,860 participants.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Trunk control and acute-phase multifactorial predictors of community mobility after stroke: a longitudinal observational study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Developmental trajectory of care dependency in older stroke patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Cognitive Training With Head-Mounted Display Virtual Reality in Neurorehabilitation: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR serious games · 2023Article
- Functional outcomes of ischemic stroke patients aged over 80 years treated with acute revascularization therapy according to pre-morbid disability: a PARADISE study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Article
- Predicting Independence 6 and 18 Months after Ischemic Stroke Considering Differences in 12 Countries: A Secondary Analysis of the IST-3 Trial.Stroke research and treatment · 2021Article
- Dependency in Activities of Daily Living During the First Year After Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesData on the long-term time course of poststroke functional outcome is limited. We investigated changes in functional outcome over 5 years after stroke in a hospital based cohort. MATERIALS AND
methodsConsecutive patients who were independent in activities of daily living (ADL) and admitted to a Stroke Unit at Skaraborg Hospital, Sweden for a first acute stroke from 2007 to 2009 (n = 1,421) were followed-up after 3 months and thereafter annually over 5 years using a postal questionnaire. Clinical variables at acute stroke and 3 months post stroke were obtained from the Swedish Stroke Register. ADL dependency was defined as dependence in dressing, toileting or indoor mobility.
resultsThe proportions of survivors who reported ADL dependency remained stable throughout follow-up (19%-22%). However, among survivors who were ADL independent at 3 months, about 3% deteriorated to dependency each year. Deterioration was predicted by age (HR 1.11; 95% CI 1.08-1.13), diabetes (HR 1.65; 95% CI 1.12-2.44), NIHSS score (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04-1.10), and self-perceived unmet care needs one year post stroke (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.44-2.81). Transitions from ADL dependency to independence occurred mainly during the first year post stroke. Improvement was negatively predicted by living alone before stroke (HR 0.41 95% CI 0.19-0.91), NIHSS score (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.86-0.95) and ischemic stroke (vs. hemorrhagic stroke), HR 0.39; 95% CI 0.17-0.89.
conclusionTransitions between ADL independence and dependency occur up to 5 years after stroke. Some of the factors predicting these transitions are potentially modifiable.
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