Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31065135›Full record

ArticleJNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association

Accuracy of Visual Tests for Primary Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural Nepal.

Niresh Thapa, Muna Maharjan, Girishma Shrestha, Narayani Maharjan, Deborah Lindell, Na Zuo, Jing Yang, Ninu Maskey, Hongbing Cai

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Niresh ThapaDepartment of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, P. R. China; Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla, Nepal.
Muna MaharjanHOPE School of Nursing, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Girishma ShresthaPatan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal.
Narayani MaharjanDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Deborah LindellFrances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Na ZuoDepartment of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, P. R. China.
Jing YangDepartment of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, P. R. China.
Ninu MaskeyDepartment of Haemato-Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Hongbing CaiDepartment of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Wuhan, P. R. China.
Wuhan University · CNCase Western Reserve University · USPatan Academy of Health Sciences · NP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn Nepal, cervical cancer is the most common female cancer. Unfortunately, there is no uniform effective screening system available all around the country. The objective of this study is to evaluate the cytology, Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and with Lugol's Iodine alone or in combination to detect a pre-cancerous lesion in rural Nepal.

methodsIt is an analytical cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling technique was used to select participants who were apparently healthy, married, non- pregnant women of aged 20-65 years for cervical cancer screening program. Screening tests were performed on all eligible women (n=2143) after socio-demographic and reproductive health data collection. A biopsy was applied as a gold standard test. Cross-tabulations were used to describe the test sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value at a 95% confidence interval. Diagnostic odds ratio was also calculated.

resultsA majority, 2143 (94%), of women accepted and participated in this study. The sensitivity vs specificity of cytology, VIA, and VILI was 57.1% vs 98.3%, 71.4% vs 88.8% and 78.6% vs 85.1%, and of the co-testing of 'Both positive VIA and VILI' and 'Either positive VIA or VILI' was 64.3% vs 85.7% and 90.1% vs 83.7% respectively. Negative predictive value of all tests exceeded 99.7%. Cytology had the highest Diagnostic odds ratio (64.9), followed by the co-test 'Either positive VIA or VILI' (27.7).

conclusionsCervical cancer screening by co-testing 'Either positive VIA or VILI' is more useful than cytology; VIA and or VILI are easy, safe, feasible and well-accepted tests in a low resource setting, Nepal.

Indexed as

Acetic AcidColoring AgentsIodidesAdultAgedBiopsyCervix UteriCross-Sectional StudiesEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNepalPredictive Value of TestsRural Health ServicesSquamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the CervixAcetic AcidColoring AgentsIodidesLugol's solutionaccuracy; cervical cancer; cytology; screening; visual tests.

Identifiers

PMID31065135
PMCPMC8827605
OpenAlexW2909430108

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.