ArticleParasites & vectors2019
Associations between soil-transmitted helminthiasis and viral, bacterial, and protozoal enteroinfections: a cross-sectional study in rural Laos.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Giardia duodenalis infection in the context of a community-based deworming and water, sanitation and hygiene trial in Timor-Leste.Parasites & vectors · 2019Trial
- Burden of intestinal protozoan parasites coinciding with Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- Acute Ascaris infection impairs the effector functions of natural killer cells in single and Salmonella co-infected pigs.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Soil-transmitted helminths: A critical review of the impact of co-infections and implications for control and elimination.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Review
- Article
- Spatiotemporal variation in risk of Shigella infection in childhood: a global risk mapping and prediction model using individual participant data.The Lancet. Global health · 2023Article
- Concurrent infection of intestinal parasites andParasite epidemiology and control · 2020Article
- Environmental and spatial determinants of enteric pathogen infection in rural Lao People's Democratic Republic: A cross-sectional study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Impact of Helminth Infections on Female Reproductive Health and Associated Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Haematological responses in children under 5 years with malaria and soil-transmitted helminth coinfections in Delta State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHumans are susceptible to over 1400 pathogens. Co-infection by multiple pathogens is common, and can result in a range of neutral, facilitative, or antagonistic interactions within the host. Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are powerful immunomodulators, but evidence of the effect of STH infection on the direction and magnitude of concurrent enteric microparasite infections is mixed.
methodsWe collected fecal samples from 891 randomly selected children and adults in rural Laos. Samples were analyzed for 5 STH species, 6 viruses, 9 bacteria, and 5 protozoa using a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. We utilized logistic regression, controlling for demographics and household water, sanitation, and hygiene access, to examine the effect of STH infection on concurrent viral, bacterial, and protozoal infection.
resultsWe found that STH infection was associated with lower odds of concurrent viral infection [odds ratio (OR): 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28-0.83], but higher odds of concurrent bacterial infections (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.06-3.07) and concurrent protozoal infections (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.95-2.37). Trends were consistent across STH species.
conclusionsThe impact of STH on odds of concurrent microparasite co-infection may differ by microparasite taxa, whereby STH infection was negatively associated with viral infections but positively associated with bacterial and protozoal infections. Results suggest that efforts to reduce STH through preventive chemotherapy could have a spillover effect on microparasite infections, though the extent of this impact requires additional study. The associations between STH and concurrent microparasite infection may reflect a reverse effect due to the cross-sectional study design. Additional research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanism of the immunomodulatory effects of STH on concurrent enteric microparasite infection.
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