ArticleBMC research notes2019
Prevalence and risk factors of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children attending kindergarten, in district of Arsi Zone, South East, Ethiopia.
Article in BMC research notes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Nasopharyngeal carriage rate, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated risk factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of pneumonia and its associated factors among under-five children in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunization on Nasopharyngeal Carriage ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Population Genetic Structure of Invasive and Non-InvasiveInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Co-carriage ofZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Multi-Drug Resistance ofInfection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Penicillin and Macrolide-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- High bacterial and viral load in the upper respiratory tract of children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveS. pneumoniae responsible for a range of respiratory infections from uncomplicated to severe invasive pneumococcal disease. Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from children attending kindergarten and aged ≤ 6 years from February, 2017 to June, 2017 to assess the nasopharyngeal carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of S. pneumoniae. Parents of children interviewed using questionnaire and check list to identify associated factors. An antimicrobial susceptibility test performed using disk diffusion method.
resultsOverall pneumococcal carriage were 18.4% (88/477). No significant variation in colonization based on sex and age of children. Children living with siblings (1-2) < 6 years in household (adjusted odd ratio = 16.06; 95% confidence interval 6.21-41.55) and > 5 person per household (adjusted odd ratio = 3.27; 95% confidence interval 1.50-7.14) were associated with higher S. pneumoniae carriage. Non- exclusive breast feeding (adjust odd ratio = 6.00; 95% confidence interval 3.33-10.80) and horse cart transportation (adjusted odd ratio = 2.75; 95% confidence interval 1.05-7.22) increases carriage. S. pneumoniae showed 21 (23.9%) resistance to erythromycin, 18 (20.4%) to amoxicillin, 13 (15.0%) to penicillin, and the least 1 (1.1%) to augmentin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.