Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31063097›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and infection2019

Risk factors for community-associated Clostridioides difficile infection in young children.

M K Weng, S H Adkins, W Bamberg, M M Farley, C C Espinosa, L Wilson, R Perlmutter, S Holzbauer, T Whitten, E C Phipps and 10 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.

M K WengDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
S H AdkinsDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
W BambergColorado Department of Public Health and Environment,Denver, CO,USA.
M M FarleyDepartment of Medicine,Emory University,Atlanta, GA,USA.
C C EspinosaGeorgia Emerging Infections Program,Decatur, GA,USA.
L WilsonMaryland Department of Health,Baltimore, MD,USA.
R PerlmutterMaryland Department of Health,Baltimore, MD,USA.
S HolzbauerMinnesota Department of Health,St Paul, MN,USA.
T WhittenMinnesota Department of Health,St Paul, MN,USA.
E C PhippsNew Mexico Emerging Infections Program,University of New Mexico,Albuquerque, NM,USA.
E B HancockNew Mexico Emerging Infections Program,University of New Mexico,Albuquerque, NM,USA.
G DumyatiNew York Emerging Infections Program and University of Rochester Medical Center,Rochester, NY,USA.
D S NelsonNew York Emerging Infections Program and University of Rochester Medical Center,Rochester, NY,USA.
Z G BeldavsOregon Health Authority,Portland, OR,USA.
V OcampoOregon Health Authority,Portland, OR,USA.
C M DavisTennessee Department of Health,Nashville, TN,USA.
B RueTennessee Department of Health,Nashville, TN,USA.
L KorhonenDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
L C McDonaldDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.
A Y GuhDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta, GA,USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3141-2089
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USMaryland Department of Health · USOregon Health Authority · USTennessee Department of Health · USUniversity of New Mexico · USUniversity of Rochester Medical Center · USColorado Department of Public Health and Environment · USEmory University · USMinnesota Department of Health · USVeterans Health Administration · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The majority of paediatric Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) are community-associated (CA), but few data exist regarding associated risk factors. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate CA-CDI risk factors in young children. Participants were enrolled from eight US sites during October 2014-February 2016. Case-patients were defined as children aged 1-5 years with a positive C. difficile specimen collected as an outpatient or ⩽3 days of hospital admission, who had no healthcare facility admission in the prior 12 weeks and no history of CDI. Each case-patient was matched to one control. Caregivers were interviewed regarding relevant exposures. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was performed. Of 68 pairs, 44.1% were female. More case-patients than controls had a comorbidity (33.3% vs. 12.1%; P = 0.01); recent higher-risk outpatient exposures (34.9% vs. 17.7%; P = 0.03); recent antibiotic use (54.4% vs. 19.4%; P < 0.0001); or recent exposure to a household member with diarrhoea (41.3% vs. 21.5%; P = 0.04). In multivariable analysis, antibiotic exposure in the preceding 12 weeks was significantly associated with CA-CDI (adjusted matched odds ratio, 6.25; 95% CI 2.18-17.96). Improved antibiotic prescribing might reduce CA-CDI in this population. Further evaluation of the potential role of outpatient healthcare and household exposures in C. difficile transmission is needed.

Indexed as

Case-Control StudiesChild Day Care CentersChild, PreschoolClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsFemaleFood MicrobiologyHumansIncidenceInfantMaleOutpatientsRisk FactorsUnited StatesClostridium difficile

Identifiers

PMID31063097
PMCPMC6518485
OpenAlexW2927471104

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.