ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2019
The Impact of 3 Years of Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying With Pirimiphos-Methyl on Malaria Parasite Prevalence in a High-Transmission Area of Northern Zambia.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Pooled it
- Extension of efficacy range for targeted malaria-elimination interventions due to spillover effects.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of reactive, targeted indoor residual spraying for malaria control in low-transmission settings: a cluster-randomised, non-inferiority trial in South Africa.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Direct and Indirect Entomological Efficacy of Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Program Evaluation of Community Case Management with Reactive Test and Treat for Malaria in a High-Transmission Setting.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Impact of Late-Rainy Season Indoor Residual Spraying on Holoendemic Malaria Transmission: A Cohort Study in Northern Zambia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Observational
- Unraveling the 'community effects' of interventions against malaria endemicity: a systematic scoping review.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Association between indoor residual spraying and the malaria burden in Zambia and factors associated with IRS refusals: a case-control study in Vubwi District.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Pirikool® 300 CS used for indoor residual spraying on three different substrates in semi-field experimental conditions.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Supplementing routine hospital surveillance of malaria to capture excess mortality and epidemiological trends: a five-year observational study.Frontiers in malaria · 2024Article
- Impact of four years of annually repeated indoor residual spraying (IRS) with Actellic 300CS on routinely reported malaria cases in an agricultural setting in Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Spatial-temporal vector abundance and malaria transmission dynamics in Nchelenge and Lake Mweru islands, a region with a high burden of malaria in northern Zambia.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- The Impact of Household and Community Indoor Residual Spray Coverage with Fludora Fusion in a High Malaria Transmission Setting in Northern Zambia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Anopheles rufipes implicated in malaria transmission both indoors and outdoors alongside Anopheles funestus and Anopheles arabiensis in rural south-east Zambia.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Policy Implications of the Southern and Central Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research: Ten Years of Malaria Control Impact Assessments in Hypo-, Meso-, and Holoendemic Transmission Zones in Zambia and Zimbabwe.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Scientific Findings of the Southern and Central Africa International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research: Ten Years of Malaria Control Impact Assessments in Hypo-, Meso-, and Holoendemic Transmission Zones in Zambia and Zimbabwe.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Six decades of malaria vector control in southern Africa: a review of the entomological evidence-base.Malaria journal · 2022Review
- Expanded geographic distribution and host preference of Anopheles gibbinsi (Anopheles species 6) in northern Zambia.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- The Immediate Effects of a Combined Mass Drug Administration and Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign to Accelerate Progress Toward Malaria Elimination in Grande-Anse, Haiti.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Malaria transmission in northern Zambia has increased in the past decade, despite malaria control activities. Evidence-based intervention strategies are needed to effectively reduce malaria transmission. Zambia's National Malaria Control Centre conducted targeted indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Nchelenge District, Luapula Province, from 2014 to 2016 using the organophosphate insecticide pirimiphos-methyl. An evaluation of the IRS campaign was conducted by the Southern Africa International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research using actively detected malaria cases in bimonthly household surveys carried out from April 2012 to July 2017. Changes in malaria parasite prevalence after IRS were assessed by season using Poisson regression models with robust standard errors, controlling for clustering of participants in households and demographic, geographical, and climatological covariates. In targeted areas, parasite prevalence declined approximately 25% during the rainy season following IRS with pirimiphos-methyl but did not decline during the dry season or in the overall study area. Within targeted areas, parasite prevalence declined in unsprayed households, suggesting both direct and indirect effects of IRS. The moderate decrease in parasite prevalence within sprayed areas indicates that IRS with pirimiphos-methyl is an effective malaria control measure, but a more comprehensive package of interventions is needed to effectively reduce the malaria burden in this setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.