ArticleNature chemical biology2019
Glycan sulfation patterns define autophagy flux at axon tip via PTPRσ-cortactin axis.
Article in Nature chemical biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of histone deacetylase inhibition on neurobehavioural outcomes in preclinical models of traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Heparan sulfate and glycomimetics: Advances in synthesis and biological applications for post-stroke neurorepair.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Transglutaminase 2 Deletion Enhances Astrocyte-to-Neuron Metabolic Support and Attenuates Subacute Pathology Following Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Synthesis of Heparan Sulfate Hexadecasaccharides and Their Molecular Interaction with Mycobacterial Heparin-Binding Hemagglutinin for the Detection ofJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Neuronal Axon Generation/Regeneration Regulated by Sulfated Glycans.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Glycosaminoglycans in axon growth and regeneration: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- N-Sulfated Heparan Sulfate Promotes Reelin Signaling as a Co-receptor.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Enhanced locomotor recovery in mice lacking GlcNAc6ST1 and GlcNAc6ST4 following spinal cord injury.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- How Growth Cones Sense Extracellular Cues and Drive Neuronal Migration: Shared Mechanisms Between Growth Cones of Migrating Neurons and Axons.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Streamlined Synthesis and Immunomodulatory Effects of Ulvan Oligosaccharides from Marine Green Algae.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Histone Acetylation in Central and Peripheral Nervous System Injuries and Regeneration: Epigenetic Dynamics and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Inhibition of CSPG-PTPσ Activates Autophagy Flux and Lysosome Fusion, Aids Axon and Synaptic Reorganization in Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Knocking down tumor suppressor gene PTPRG enhances axonal regeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of astrocytic transglutaminase 2 facilitates the expression of a neurosupportive astrocyte reactive phenotype in association with increased histone acetylation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Enzyme-Sialylation-Controlled Chemical Sulfation of Glycan Epitopes for Decoding the Binding of Siglec Ligands.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Regenerative medicine strategies for chronic complete spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- Identification of the growth cone as a probe and driver of neuronal migration in the injured brain.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Revisited: Its Mechanism of Generation and Action for Spinal Cord Injury.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Recovery of Forearm and Fine Digit Function After Chronic Spinal Cord Injury by Simultaneous Blockade of Inhibitory Matrix Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Production and the Receptor PTPσ.Journal of neurotrauma · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and heparan sulfate (HS) are glycosaminoglycans that both bind the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRσ, affecting axonal regeneration. CS inhibits axonal growth, while HS promotes it. Here, we have prepared a library of HS octasaccharides and, together with synthetic CS oligomers, we found that PTPRσ preferentially interacts with CS-E-a rare sulfation pattern in natural CS-and most HS oligomers bearing sulfate and sulfamate groups. Consequently, short and long stretches of natural CS and HS, respectively, bind to PTPRσ. CS activates PTPRσ, which dephosphorylates cortactin-herein identified as a new PTPRσ substrate-and disrupts autophagy flux at the autophagosome-lysosome fusion step. Such disruption is required and sufficient for dystrophic endball formation and inhibition of axonal regeneration. Therefore, sulfation patterns determine the length of the glycosaminoglycan segment that bind to PTPRσ and define the fate of axonal regeneration through a mechanism involving PTPRσ, cortactin and autophagy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.